Manipal Institute of Virology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2024 Aug;16(4):e13317. doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.13317.
Influenza virus is a well-known pathogen that can cause epidemics and pandemics. Several surveillance methods are being followed to monitor the transmission patterns and spread of influenza in the community. Wastewater-based Epidemiology (WBE) can serve as an additional tool to detect the presence of influenza viruses. The current study primarily focuses on surveillance of Influenza A and Influenza B in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) samples. A total of 100 wastewater samples were collected in July (n = 50) and August (n = 50) 2023 from four different WWTPs in Manipal and Udupi, district of Karnataka, India. The WWTP samples were processed and tested by Real-Time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). The data generated was analysed in comparison with the clinical Influenza cases. Of the 100 samples, 18 (18%) tested positive for Influenza A virus and 2 (2%) tested positive for Influenza B virus, with a viral load ranging 1.4 x 10-2.2 x 10 gc/L for influenza A virus and 5.2 x 10-7.7 x 10gc/L for influenza B virus. On correlating the WWTP positivity with clinical case, it was found that influenza clinical cases and virus positivity in wastewater increased simultaneously, emphasizing WBE as a concurrent method for monitoring influenza virus activity.
流感病毒是一种众所周知的病原体，可导致流行和大流行。目前正在采用几种监测方法来监测社区中流感的传播模式和传播。基于废水的流行病学（WBE）可以作为一种额外的工具来检测流感病毒的存在。本研究主要侧重于监测废水中的甲型流感病毒（Influenza A）和乙型流感病毒（Influenza B）。2023 年 7 月（n=50）和 8 月（n=50）期间，从印度卡纳塔克邦芒格洛尔和乌杜皮地区的四个不同的污水处理厂共采集了 100 份废水样本。通过实时逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对 WWTP 样本进行处理和检测。将生成的数据与临床流感病例进行比较分析。在 100 个样本中，有 18 个（18%）检测出甲型流感病毒阳性，2 个（2%）检测出乙型流感病毒阳性，甲型流感病毒的病毒载量范围为 1.4×10-2.2×10 gc/L，乙型流感病毒的病毒载量范围为 5.2×10-7.7×10 gc/L。将 WWTP 阳性与临床病例相关联时发现，流感临床病例和废水中的病毒阳性同时增加，强调了 WBE 作为监测流感病毒活动的一种并行方法。
