Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, Changsha, Human, 410011, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Aug 22;22(1):504. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02763-3.
Pyroptosis, a lytic form of cell death mediated by the gasdermin family, is characterized by cell swelling and membrane rupture. Inducing pyroptosis in cancer cells can enhance antitumor immune responses and is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. However, excessive pyroptosis may trigger the development of inflammatory diseases due to immoderate and continuous inflammatory reactions. Nanomaterials and nanobiotechnology, renowned for their unique advantages and diverse structures, have garnered increasing attention owing to their potential to induce pyroptosis in diseases such as cancer. A nano-delivery system for drug-induced pyroptosis in cancer cells can overcome the limitations of small molecules. Furthermore, nanomedicines can directly induce and manipulate pyroptosis. This review summarizes and discusses the latest advancements in nanoparticle-based treatments with pyroptosis among inflammatory diseases and cancer, focusing on their functions and mechanisms and providing valuable insights into selecting nanodrugs for pyroptosis. However, the clinical application of these strategies still faces challenges owing to a limited understanding of nanobiological interactions. Finally, future perspectives on the emerging field of pyroptotic nanomaterials are presented.
细胞焦亡是一种由gasdermin 家族介导的溶酶体细胞程序性死亡方式，其特征为细胞肿胀和细胞膜破裂。在肿瘤细胞中诱导细胞焦亡可以增强抗肿瘤免疫反应，是一种很有前途的癌症治疗策略。但是，由于过度和持续的炎症反应，过多的细胞焦亡可能会引发炎症性疾病。纳米材料和纳米生物技术因其独特的优势和多样的结构而备受关注，它们有可能在癌症等疾病中诱导细胞焦亡。用于癌症细胞药物诱导细胞焦亡的纳米递药系统可以克服小分子的局限性。此外，纳米药物可以直接诱导和操纵细胞焦亡。本综述总结和讨论了纳米颗粒在炎症性疾病和癌症中诱导细胞焦亡的最新进展，重点介绍了它们的功能和机制，并为选择用于细胞焦亡的纳米药物提供了有价值的见解。然而，由于对纳米生物学相互作用的认识有限，这些策略的临床应用仍然面临挑战。最后，提出了新兴的细胞焦亡纳米材料领域的未来展望。
