Graduate Program in Biosciences, Life Science Division, University of Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
Food Department, Life Science Division, University of Guanajuato Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Irapuato, Guanajuato, México.
J Food Sci. 2024 Sep;89(9):5255-5269. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.17294. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Whole cell microbial biosensors (WCMB) are mostly genetically modified microorganisms used to detect target molecules as indicators of biological and chemical contaminants as well as in the identification of compounds of interest in the food industry. The specificity and sensitivity of these biosensors are achieved through the design of genetic circuits that make use of genetic sequences such as promoters, terminators, genes encoding regulatory proteins or reporter proteins, among others. Despite the advances of WCMBs for their application, significant challenges are faced, such as cell stability, regulatory restrictions, and the need to optimize response times so that they can be a competitive detection tool in the market. This review explores the technological progress, potential and limitations of WCMBs in the food industry, starting by reviewing the operating principles of biosensors. The importance of selecting appropriate chassis cells and the integration of recognition elements and transducers to maximize their effectiveness in the detection of contaminants and compounds of interest in the food industry is highlighted.
全细胞微生物生物传感器（WCMB）大多是经过基因改造的微生物，用于检测目标分子，作为生物和化学污染物的指示剂，以及在食品工业中鉴定感兴趣的化合物。这些生物传感器的特异性和灵敏度是通过设计遗传电路来实现的，这些遗传电路利用了启动子、终止子、编码调节蛋白或报告蛋白等基因序列。尽管 WCMB 在应用方面取得了进展，但仍面临着重大挑战，例如细胞稳定性、监管限制以及需要优化响应时间，以便它们能够成为市场上具有竞争力的检测工具。本综述探讨了 WCMB 在食品工业中的技术进展、潜力和局限性，首先回顾了生物传感器的工作原理。强调了选择合适的底盘细胞以及整合识别元件和换能器的重要性，以最大限度地提高它们在检测食品工业中污染物和感兴趣化合物方面的有效性。
