Townsel Courtney, Smith Vincent C, Senthilkumar Hemalatha, Bastian Lily R, Sanks Miranks, Ling Diana, Benke Joshua, Edwards Alexandra, Roget Nancy, Prokosch Kimberly, Velasquez Mary M, Yonamine Kimi, von Sternberg Kirk, McFadden Tonya, Haidar Antoinette Abou, Harris Karen E
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Subst Use Addctn J. 2025 Apr;46(2):421-429. doi: 10.1177/29767342241271361. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) remain critical public health issues. Alcohol use in pregnancy is a leading preventable cause of birth defects, developmental disabilities, and learning disabilities. Alcohol screening and brief intervention (SBI) is effective at reducing excessive alcohol use. However, this clinical preventive service remains critically underutilized in primary care. In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention called for the creation of FASD Champion programs to promote clinician education about FASDs. Six professional health organizations and groups providing reproductive and child health services set out to create FASD Champion programs. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists FASDs Prevention Program was created to focus on reducing alcohol-exposed pregnancies. The American Academy of Pediatrics' Champion program maintains the goal of improving health outcomes for children with FASDs by improving pediatricians' diagnostic capacity. The American Academy of Family Physicians has prioritized training family physician champions to improve the delivery of alcohol SBI among adult patients. The University of Alaska Anchorage has partnered with the National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women's Health, the American College of Nurse-Midwives, and the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses to assure advanced practice registered nurses and midwives have the knowledge and skills to prevent alcohol-exposed pregnancies and FASDs. The American Association of Medical Assistants has prioritized expanding the knowledge and skills of medical assistants related to promoting alcohol-free pregnancies. Finally, the Champions program at the University of Texas at Austin was established to train health social workers in alcohol SBI. Through the advocacy, education, and mission of these 6 health sectors in collaboration with national organizations and educational institutions, the evidence-based approach of alcohol SBI is being disseminated throughout the United States to reduce the harmful effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.
产前酒精暴露与胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASDs)仍是严峻的公共卫生问题。孕期饮酒是出生缺陷、发育障碍和学习障碍的首要可预防病因。酒精筛查与简短干预(SBI)在减少过度饮酒方面很有效。然而,这项临床预防服务在初级保健中仍严重未得到充分利用。2014年,疾病控制与预防中心呼吁设立FASD倡导者项目,以促进临床医生对FASDs的了解。六个提供生殖和儿童健康服务的专业卫生组织和团体着手创建FASD倡导者项目。美国妇产科医师学会的FASDs预防项目旨在专注于减少酒精暴露妊娠。美国儿科学会的倡导者项目维持通过提高儿科医生的诊断能力来改善FASDs患儿健康结局的目标。美国家庭医生学会将培训家庭医生倡导者作为优先事项,以改善成年患者中酒精SBI的提供。阿拉斯加大学安克雷奇分校已与全国女性健康执业护士协会、美国助产士学院以及女性健康、产科和新生儿护士协会合作,以确保高级执业注册护士和助产士具备预防酒精暴露妊娠和FASDs的知识和技能。美国医学助理协会将扩展医学助理与促进无酒精妊娠相关的知识和技能作为优先事项。最后,德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的倡导者项目旨在培训健康社会工作者进行酒精SBI。通过这六个卫生部门与国家组织和教育机构合作进行的宣传、教育和使命,酒精SBI的循证方法正在美国各地传播,以减少产前酒精暴露的有害影响。