Parvin Shahanaj, Akter Salma, Hossain Md Ismail, Ali Md Sabuj, Soni Most Sifat Muntaha
Department of Statistics, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
Res Health Serv Reg. 2024 Mar 27;3(1):3. doi: 10.1007/s43999-024-00040-2.
Hypertension is a widespread and life-threatening condition globally, with its prevalence increasing rapidly, particularly among adults. This study aims to examine the trend in adult hypertension prevalence and associated risk factors in both urban and rural areas of Bangladesh from 2011 to 2018.
Nationally representative cross-sectional data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey was used at two time points, 2011 and 2018. In our study, we used a two-step approach for variable selection, combining traditional statistical methods ( test) with a machine learning algorithm (Boruta algorithm).. This study also employed two different multivariate binary logistic regression models to identify the risk factors that are most closely connected to the presence of hypertension (respectively for urban and rural locations).
According to the study, hypertension has been on the rise in Bangladesh. In 2011, over a third of adults (38.7%) in urban Bangladesh had hypertension, a number that rose by 22.6% in 2017-18. Though rural areas had a lower hypertension prevalence in 2011 (36%), it surged to 64% in 2017-18, surpassing the rate in urban areas. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that age, gender, education, wealth status, area, and survey year had a significant influence on the determinants of hypertension status in connection to place of residence. According to the odds ratio, the prevalence was significantly higher among older respondents, female respondents, wealthy families and higher-educated respondents.
A large proportion of Bangladesh's adult population suffers from hypertension. A health education program is required to develop appropriate strategies, including appropriate weight control, appropriate physical activity, and healthier eating habits. Health authorities should take initiatives to spread awareness among people, particularly at an older age.
高血压是一种在全球范围内广泛存在且危及生命的疾病，其患病率正在迅速上升，尤其是在成年人中。本研究旨在探讨2011年至2018年期间孟加拉国城乡地区成人高血压患病率的趋势及相关危险因素。
使用了来自孟加拉国人口与健康调查的具有全国代表性的横断面数据，时间点为2011年和2018年。在我们的研究中，采用了两步法进行变量选择，将传统统计方法（检验）与机器学习算法（Boruta算法）相结合。本研究还采用了两种不同的多变量二元逻辑回归模型来确定与高血压存在最密切相关的危险因素（分别针对城市和农村地区）。
根据研究，孟加拉国的高血压患病率一直在上升。2011年，孟加拉国城市地区超过三分之一的成年人（38.7%）患有高血压，这一数字在2017 - 2018年上升了22.6%。尽管农村地区在2011年的高血压患病率较低（36%），但在2017 - 2018年飙升至64%，超过了城市地区的患病率。多变量分析结果表明，年龄、性别、教育程度、财富状况、地区和调查年份对与居住地点相关的高血压状况决定因素有显著影响。根据优势比，老年受访者、女性受访者、富裕家庭和受过高等教育的受访者中的患病率显著更高。
孟加拉国很大一部分成年人口患有高血压。需要开展健康教育计划以制定适当的策略，包括适当的体重控制、适当的体育活动和更健康的饮食习惯。卫生当局应主动在人群中传播意识，特别是在老年人中。
