Teaching Institute of Public Heath of Primorsko-Goranska County, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia; Department of Environmental Health, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Braće Branchetta 20, 51000, Rijeka, Croatia.
Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Chemosphere. 2024 Sep;364:143156. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143156. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Changes in natural conditions and anthropogenic pollutants, alone or in combination, pose a significant challenge to coastal bivalve populations. The susceptibility of economically important bivalves to potential stressors in their farming environment has not been sufficiently investigated, despite the increase in anthropogenic pressure along the coast and the remarkable warming of seawater in recent years. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from two important farming sites in the eastern Adriatic, namely Mali Ston Bay (MSB) and Lim Bay (LB), in relation to variations of seawater parameters, reproductive cycle dynamics and tissue content of potentially harmful pollutants. The complex seasonal and site-specific patterns of chemical pollutants were determined, with tissue levels of metals, As, PAHs and PCBs largely comparable to those previously reported for the Mediterranean region. Concentrations of organochlorinated pesticides were below the level of detection. Significantly higher Cd, As and Hg concentrations were detected in the tissues of the MSB mussels. The reproductive cycle was clearly associated with the bioaccumulation of pollutants. All biochemical response parameters varied to some extent across seasons and/or between farming sites. A very pronounced seasonality was recorded for acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase activity at both sites. Metallothionein concentration and superoxide dismutase activity were generally steady throughout the study period. The most striking difference between the two sites was recorded for lipid peroxides concentrations which were predominantly significantly higher in the MSB mussels, indicating expressed pro-oxidant conditions at this site. In particular, significant correlations were found between lipid peroxides and the potentially toxic metals (Cd, As, Hg) accumulated in the mussel tissue. Data reported here are valuable as baseline information for further studies related to stress in farmed bivalves caused by oscillations of environmental factors and increasing anthropogenic pressure along the coastline.
自然条件和人为污染物的变化，单独或联合作用，对沿海双壳贝类种群构成了重大挑战。尽管沿海地区的人为压力不断增加，近年来海水明显变暖，但经济上重要的双壳贝类对其养殖环境中潜在胁迫因子的敏感性尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究旨在评估来自亚得里亚海东部两个重要养殖区——马里斯坦湾（MSB）和利姆湾（LB）的贻贝（Mytilus galloprovincialis）的性能，这些贻贝与海水参数的变化、繁殖周期动态和组织中潜在有害污染物的含量有关。确定了化学污染物复杂的季节性和特定地点的模式，金属、砷、多环芳烃和多氯联苯的组织水平与以前报告的地中海地区的水平大致相当。有机氯农药的浓度低于检测水平。MSB 贻贝组织中检测到的 Cd、As 和 Hg 浓度明显更高。繁殖周期显然与污染物的生物积累有关。所有生化反应参数在不同季节和/或不同养殖区之间都有不同程度的变化。在两个地点都记录到乙酰胆碱酯酶和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶活性具有很强的季节性。金属硫蛋白浓度和超氧化物歧化酶活性在整个研究期间基本保持稳定。两个地点之间最显著的差异是在 MSB 贻贝的脂质过氧化物浓度，这表明该地点存在明显的促氧化剂条件。特别是，在 MSB 贻贝组织中积累的潜在有毒金属（Cd、As、Hg）与脂质过氧化物之间存在显著相关性。这里报告的数据可作为进一步研究与环境因素波动和沿海地区人为压力增加引起的养殖贝类应激相关的基础信息。
