Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka State 576104, India.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka State 576104, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Oct;278(Pt 4):134977. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134977. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) poses a universal concern owing to the widespread use of antibiotics in various sectors. Nanotechnology emerges as a promising solution to combat ABR, offering targeted drug delivery, enhanced bioavailability, reduced toxicity, and stability. This comprehensive review explores concepts of antibiotic resistance, its mechanisms, and multifaceted approaches to combat ABR. The review provides an in-depth exploration of polymeric nanoparticles as advanced drug delivery systems, focusing on strategies for targeting microbial infections and contributing to the fight against ABR. Nanoparticles revolutionize antimicrobial approaches, emphasizing passive and active targeting. The role of various molecules, including small molecules, antimicrobial peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, and stimuli-responsive systems, is being explored in recent research works. The complex comprehension mechanisms of ABR and strategic use of nanotechnology present a promising avenue for advancing antimicrobial tactics, ensuring treatment efficacy, minimizing toxic effects, and mitigating development of ABR. Polymeric nanoparticles, derived from natural or synthetic polymers, are crucial in overcoming ABR. Natural polymers like chitosan and alginate exhibit inherent antibacterial properties, while synthetic polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polycaprolactone (PCL) can be engineered for specific antibacterial effects. This comprehensive study provides a valuable source of information for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers engaged in the urgent quest to overcome ABR.
抗生素耐药性（ABR）由于抗生素在各个领域的广泛使用而引起了普遍关注。纳米技术作为一种有前途的解决方案出现，旨在对抗 ABR，提供靶向药物输送、增强生物利用度、降低毒性和稳定性。本综述探讨了抗生素耐药性的概念、其机制以及对抗 ABR 的多方面方法。本综述深入探讨了聚合物纳米粒子作为先进药物输送系统的概念，重点介绍了针对微生物感染的靶向策略，并为对抗 ABR 做出贡献。纳米粒子彻底改变了抗菌方法，强调了被动和主动靶向。各种分子，包括小分子、抗菌肽、蛋白质、碳水化合物和刺激响应系统，在最近的研究工作中都得到了探索。对抗生素耐药性的复杂理解机制和对纳米技术的战略应用为推进抗菌策略提供了有希望的途径，确保治疗效果、最小化毒性作用，并减轻 ABR 的发展。源自天然或合成聚合物的聚合物纳米粒子在克服 ABR 方面至关重要。壳聚糖和海藻酸盐等天然聚合物具有固有抗菌特性，而聚乳酸（PLA）、聚乙二醇（PEG）和聚己内酯（PCL）等合成聚合物可以针对特定的抗菌效果进行设计。这项全面的研究为从事克服 ABR 这一紧迫任务的研究人员、医疗保健专业人员和政策制定者提供了有价值的信息来源。
