Ramos S Raquel, Kang Baram, Jeon Sangchoon, Fraser Marilyn, Kershaw Trace, Boutjdir Mohamed
School of Nursing, Yale University, Orange, CT 06477, USA.
School of Public Health, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Nurs Rep. 2024 Aug 8;14(3):1922-1936. doi: 10.3390/nursrep14030143.
Ethnic and racial sexual minority men with HIV have a disproportionately higher risk of HIV-related cardiovascular disease (CVD). There is a lack of tailored and culturally salient behavioral interventions to address HIV-related chronic illness in ethnic and racial sexual minority men, and literature on their understanding and awareness of modifiable behavioral risks is limited. The purpose of this study was to assess illness perceptions about HIV and HTN, and describe physical activity, tobacco, and e-cigarette use in Black and Latinx sexual minority men living with HIV. We used the validated Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) to assess perceptions about two interrelated chronic diseases, HIV and CVD. To assess CVD behavioral risk, we assessed physical activity using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Tobacco and e-cigarette use were assessed using items from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Sleep difficulties were the most prevalent symptom attributed to HIV, and were statistically associated with fatigue, upset stomach, and loss of strength. Anxiety was reported to be caused by HIV (57%) and HTN (39%). Half of the participants engaged in vigorous activity for 128 min (SD = 135) daily, and 63% engaged in moderate activity for 94 min (SD = 88) daily. Over a third reported current tobacco use and 20% reported current e-cigarette use. This study provides formative data to better understand how Black and Latinx sexual minority men with HIV perceive intersecting chronic illnesses and their engagement in modifiable CVD risk behaviors. Sleep, mental health disparities, and financial hardships were commonly reported. More research is needed to address intersecting chronic illnesses and mental health conditions that are influenced by social positioning over the life course, and impact CVD risk factors. This study was not registered.
感染艾滋病毒的少数族裔和种族性取向男性患与艾滋病毒相关的心血管疾病（CVD）的风险异常高。针对少数族裔和种族性取向男性的与艾滋病毒相关的慢性病，缺乏量身定制且具有文化针对性的行为干预措施，关于他们对可改变行为风险的理解和认识的文献也很有限。本研究的目的是评估对艾滋病毒和高血压的疾病认知，并描述感染艾滋病毒的黑人和拉丁裔性取向少数男性的身体活动、烟草和电子烟使用情况。我们使用经过验证的修订版疾病认知问卷（IPQ-R）来评估对两种相关慢性病——艾滋病毒和心血管疾病的认知。为了评估心血管疾病的行为风险，我们使用国际身体活动问卷来评估身体活动。烟草和电子烟使用情况通过行为风险因素监测系统的项目进行评估。睡眠困难是归因于艾滋病毒的最常见症状，并且在统计学上与疲劳、胃部不适和体力下降相关。据报告，焦虑是由艾滋病毒（57%）和高血压（39%）引起的。一半的参与者每天进行128分钟（标准差 = 135）的剧烈活动，63%的参与者每天进行94分钟（标准差 = 88）的中等强度活动。超过三分之一的人报告目前使用烟草，20%的人报告目前使用电子烟。本研究提供了形成性数据，以更好地了解感染艾滋病毒的黑人和拉丁裔性取向少数男性如何看待交叉慢性病以及他们参与可改变的心血管疾病风险行为的情况。睡眠、心理健康差异和经济困难是常见的报告内容。需要更多研究来解决受生命历程中社会定位影响且影响心血管疾病风险因素的交叉慢性病和心理健康状况。本研究未进行注册。
