University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 27;19(8):e0309020. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309020. eCollection 2024.
Suicide is a leading cause of death among students in higher education, driven in large part by mental illness, but also mental wellness. Relatively few studies have examined the extent to which depression and flourishing/languishing interact in relation to suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study (2020-2021; emerging adult students aged 18-29; N = 101,435), and calculated interaction contrast ratios to estimate the interaction between depression and flourishing/languishing on suicidal thoughts and behaviors, using an additive scale, adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and food insecurity.
When compared with students who were flourishing without depression, the students who were languishing without depression, and the students who were depressed but still flourishing had significantly greater odds of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, students who were depressed and languishing had the greatest odds, exceeding the sum of the individual effects.
The interaction of depression and flourishing/languishing produced a synergy that increased odds of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Flourishing interventions may prove to be an effective strategy for universal suicide prevention.
自杀是高等教育学生死亡的主要原因，主要是由精神疾病引起的，但也与心理健康有关。相对较少的研究调查了抑郁和繁荣/萎靡与自杀念头和行为之间的相互作用程度。
我们分析了健康思维研究（2020-2021 年；18-29 岁的成年学生；N=101435）的数据，并计算了交互对比比，以估计在自杀念头和行为方面，抑郁和繁荣/萎靡之间的相互作用，使用加性量表，调整了年龄、性别、种族/民族和食物不安全因素。
与没有抑郁但繁荣的学生相比，没有抑郁但萎靡的学生，以及抑郁但仍繁荣的学生，自杀念头和行为的可能性显著更高。然而，抑郁和萎靡的学生的可能性最大，超过了个体效应的总和。
抑郁和繁荣/萎靡的相互作用产生了协同作用，增加了自杀念头和行为的可能性。繁荣干预可能被证明是一种有效的普遍预防自杀的策略。
