Department of Food Hygiene, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Research Center of Nutrition and Organic Products (RCNOP), Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Arch Razi Inst. 2024 Feb 1;79(1):129-137. doi: 10.32592/ARI.2024.79.1.129. eCollection 2024 Feb.
Shellfishes are a significant economic and nutritious seafood amongst people in different countries. Seafood products, particularly shellfish, are potential reservoirs of enteric viruses. This research investigated the incidence of rotavirus (RoV), norovirus (NoV) GI and GII, hepatitis A virus (HAV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in shellfish samples from the Persian Gulf, Iran. One hundred and fifty shellfish samples were collected. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed using commercial kits. The real-time polymerase chain reaction assessed the presence of enteric viruses in extracted cDNA samples. Thirty-two out of 150 (21.33%) shellfish samples were contaminated with enteric viruses. Prevalence rates of NoV GI, NoV GII, HAV, and RoV amongst shellfish samples were 8.00%, 11.33%, 1.33%, and 0.66%, respectively. There were no contaminated shellfish samples with HEV. Simultaneous prevalence of HAV and NoV GI, and HAV and NoV GII viruses were 0.66% and 0.66%, respectively. Examined viruses had a higher prevalence in shellfish samples collected in the winter season (<0.05). Prevalence of HAV, RoV, NoV GI, and NoV GII amongst shellfish samples gathered in the winter season was 2.85%, 9.09%, 11.90%, and 20%, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report of the incidence of enteric viruses, particularly HAV, NoV GI, NoV GII, and RoV, in shellfish samples from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Shellfish samples may serve as a potential source of enteric viruses for the human population. Therefore, routine viral assessments should be conducted. The consumption of fully cooked shellfish can significantly reduce the risk of HAV, RoV, NoV GI, and NoV GII infections. Furthermore, given the export value and importance of shellfish samples, their microbial quality and safety should be routinely monitored.
贝类是不同国家人民重要的经济和营养海鲜。海产品，特别是贝类，是肠道病毒的潜在储库。本研究调查了伊朗波斯湾贝类样本中轮状病毒（RoV）、诺如病毒（NoV）GI 和 GII、甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）和戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）的发病率。采集了 150 个贝类样本。使用商业试剂盒进行 RNA 提取和 cDNA 合成。实时聚合酶链反应评估提取的 cDNA 样本中肠道病毒的存在情况。在 150 个贝类样本中，有 32 个（21.33%）受到肠道病毒污染。贝类样本中 NoV GI、NoV GII、HAV 和 RoV 的流行率分别为 8.00%、11.33%、1.33%和 0.66%。没有受 HEV 污染的贝类样本。HAV 和 NoV GI 以及 HAV 和 NoV GII 病毒的同时流行率分别为 0.66%和 0.66%。在所检查的病毒中，冬季采集的贝类样本中病毒的流行率更高（<0.05）。在冬季采集的贝类样本中，HAV、RoV、NoV GI 和 NoV GII 的流行率分别为 2.85%、9.09%、11.90%和 20%。据我们所知，这是伊朗波斯湾贝类样本中肠道病毒，特别是 HAV、NoV GI、NoV GII 和 RoV 发病率的首次报告。贝类样本可能是人类肠道病毒的潜在来源。因此，应进行常规病毒评估。食用完全煮熟的贝类可以显著降低感染 HAV、RoV、NoV GI 和 NoV GII 的风险。此外，鉴于贝类样本的出口价值和重要性，应定期监测其微生物质量和安全性。
