Radu Ioana, Farcas Anca Otilia, Nyulas Victoria, Radu Carmen Corina, Brinzaniuc Klara
Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
Department of Forensic Medicine Emergency County Hospital, "Constantin Opriș" Baia Mare, 430031 Baia Mare, Romania.
Diseases. 2024 Jul 25;12(8):168. doi: 10.3390/diseases12080168.
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major public health concern worldwide, affecting all age and social groups.
In this retrospective study, of the 8265 autopsies performed in the Institute of Legal Medicine, 1618 cases of SCD were included. The aim of this study is to identify demographic characteristics, etiological factors, epidemiological characteristics and risk factors that lead to SCD.
The highest incidence of SCD was in age group 40-69 years (65.0%), 71.6% of this age group being men. Of the total number, 32.1% (520) occurred in the emergency room. The most common cause of sudden death is represented by coronary atherosclerotic disease, reported in 89.8% (1453) of cases, tricoronary lesions being found in 60% (870) of cases. Etiological factors of SCD encountered during autopsies were acute myocardial infarction in 13.9% (225), dilated cardiomyopathy 43.9% (710), cardiac hypertrophy 579 (36.07%), pericarditis 1.9% (30), myocarditis 1.73% (28) and adipositas cordis 5% (81). Along with epicardial fat and BMI, alcohol consumption was recorded in 17.9% (290), this being a potential trigger.
Based on forensic autopsy and histological findings, a wide variety of factors are involved in the etiopathogenesis of SCD, some of which can be eliminated through preventive measures implemented early.
心脏性猝死（SCD）是全球主要的公共卫生问题，影响所有年龄和社会群体。
在这项回顾性研究中，纳入了法医学研究所进行的8265例尸检中的1618例SCD病例。本研究的目的是确定导致SCD的人口统计学特征、病因、流行病学特征和危险因素。
SCD发病率最高的年龄组为40 - 69岁（65.0%），该年龄组男性占71.6%。总数中，32.1%（520例）发生在急诊室。猝死最常见的原因是冠状动脉粥样硬化性疾病，89.8%（1453例）的病例报告有此疾病，60%（870例）的病例发现三支冠状动脉病变。尸检中发现的SCD病因包括急性心肌梗死13.9%（225例）、扩张型心肌病43.9%（710例）、心脏肥大579例（占36.07%）、心包炎1.9%（30例）、心肌炎1.73%（28例）和心脏脂肪过多症5%（共81例）。除了心外膜脂肪和体重指数外，17.9%（290例）记录有饮酒情况，这是一个潜在触发因素。
基于法医尸检和组织学检查结果，SCD的发病机制涉及多种因素，其中一些因素可通过早期实施的预防措施消除。
