Navin T R, Roberto R R, Juranek D D, Limpakarnjanarat K, Mortenson E W, Clover J R, Yescott R E, Taclindo C, Steurer F, Allain D
Am J Public Health. 1985 Apr;75(4):366-9. doi: 10.2105/ajph.75.4.366.
In August 1982, a 56-year-old woman from Lake Don Pedro, California, developed acute Chagas' disease (American trypanosomiasis). She had not traveled to areas outside the United States with endemic Chagas' disease, she had never received blood transfusions, and she did not use intravenous drugs. Trypanosoma cruzi cultured from the patient's blood had isoenzyme patterns and growth characteristics similar to T. cruzi belonging to zymodeme Z1. Triatoma protracta (a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi) infected with T. cruzi were found near the patient's home, a trypanosome resembling T. cruzi was cultured from the blood of two of 19 ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi), and six of 10 dogs had antibody to T. cruzi. A serosurvey of three groups of California residents revealed antibody to T. cruzi by complement fixation in six of 237 (2.5 per cent) individuals living near the patient and in 12 of 1,706 (0.7 per cent) individuals living in a community 20 miles northeast of the patient's home, but in only one of 637 (0.2 per cent) blood donors from the San Francisco Bay area. This is the first case of indigenously acquired Chagas' disease reported from California and the first case recognized in the United States since 1955. This investigation suggests that transmission of sylvatic Trypanosoma cruzi infection to humans occurs in California but that Chagas' disease in humans is rare.
1982年8月，一名来自加利福尼亚州唐佩德罗湖的56岁女性患上了急性恰加斯病（美洲锥虫病）。她未曾前往恰加斯病流行的美国以外地区，从未接受过输血，也不使用静脉注射药物。从患者血液中培养出的克氏锥虫具有与属于酶谱型Z1的克氏锥虫相似的同工酶模式和生长特征。在患者家附近发现了感染克氏锥虫的长红锥蝽（克氏锥虫的一种传播媒介），从19只加州地松鼠（贝氏黄鼠）中的2只血液中培养出了一种类似克氏锥虫的锥虫，并且10只狗中有6只具有抗克氏锥虫抗体。对三组加利福尼亚居民进行的血清学调查显示，通过补体结合试验检测到，在患者住所附近居住的237人中有6人（2.5%）、在患者家东北20英里处一个社区居住的1706人中有12人（0.7%）具有抗克氏锥虫抗体，但在旧金山湾区的637名献血者中只有1人（0.2%）呈阳性。这是加利福尼亚州报告的首例本地获得性恰加斯病病例，也是自1955年以来美国确认的首例病例。这项调查表明，加利福尼亚存在野生克氏锥虫感染向人类传播的情况，但人类恰加斯病较为罕见。
