Trandafir Cornelia Marina, Closca Raluca Maria, Poenaru Marioara, Sarau Oana Silvana, Sarau Cristian Andrei, Rakitovan Marina, Baderca Flavia, Sima Laurentiu Vasile
ENT Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300041 Timisoara, Romania.
Department of Pathology, Emergency City Hospital, 300254 Timisoara, Romania.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Aug 16;16(16):2863. doi: 10.3390/cancers16162863.
Sinonasal mucosal melanoma originates from melanocytes and it is a rare malignancy in the sinonasal tract. It is an aggressive melanocytic neoplasm with a very poor prognosis. The symptoms are nonspecific and the diagnosis is delayed, usually until the advanced stages of the disease. The current study performs a correlation between the histopathological aspects of sinonasal mucosal melanoma and different types of immune cells present in the microenvironment, with prognostic and therapeutic implications. The endpoint is to quantify the cellular immune microenvironment and correlate it with patient survival. This study presents nine cases of primary sinonasal mucosal melanomas diagnosed at the Emergency City Hospital Timisoara, Romania during a period of 15 years. The histopathological examination was performed in the Department of Pathology of the same hospital, using morphological hematoxylin-eosin staining. Additional immunohistochemical reactions were performed to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate the components of the tumor immune microenvironment. This study identifies eosinophils, macrophages, natural killer cells and plasma cells as favorable prognostic factors. Therefore, a CD8:CD4 ratio of more than 3 is correlated with a good response to PD-1 inhibitor therapy.
鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤起源于黑素细胞，是鼻窦罕见的恶性肿瘤。它是一种侵袭性黑素细胞肿瘤，预后很差。其症状不具特异性，诊断往往延迟，通常直到疾病晚期才被发现。本研究对鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤的组织病理学特征与微环境中存在的不同类型免疫细胞之间进行了相关性分析，具有预后和治疗意义。研究终点是量化细胞免疫微环境并将其与患者生存率相关联。本研究呈现了罗马尼亚蒂米什瓦拉市急诊市立医院在15年期间诊断出的9例原发性鼻窦黏膜黑色素瘤病例。组织病理学检查在同一家医院的病理科进行，采用形态学苏木精-伊红染色。还进行了额外的免疫组化反应以确诊并评估肿瘤免疫微环境的组成成分。本研究确定嗜酸性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞和浆细胞为有利的预后因素。因此，CD8:CD4比值大于3与对PD-1抑制剂治疗的良好反应相关。
