Azrin N H, Nunn R G, Frantz S E
J Speech Hear Disord. 1979 Aug;44(3):331-9. doi: 10.1044/jshd.4403.331.
This study was an investigation of the regulated-breathing method for controlling stuttering as compared to a placebo-control method consisting of abbreviated desensitization training. The regulated-breathing procedure, given to 21 stutterers, taught the speaker to breathe smoothly and deeply, to pause at natural juncturing points, to plan ahead for the content of the speech, and to relax chest and neck muscles. Several general behavioral procedures were also used including relaxation training, self-correction for errors, social support, daily home practice, and response awareness, which are components of the general habit reversal procedure for diverse habits. Training was given in one or two sessions plus regular follow-up telephone calls. Daily self-recordings were obtained of the number of stuttering episodes during everyday speech, to determine the generalized effect of the treatment. The regulated-breathing method reduced the reported stuttering episodes by 94% on the first day after training and by 97% during the fourth week and the three-month follow-up. The control procedure reduced reported stuttering only slightly (about 10%). The results indicate substantial effectiveness of the regulated-breathing method for reducing reported stuttering episodes in everyday speech as compared with an alternative treatment of equal duration.
本研究旨在调查与由简化脱敏训练组成的安慰剂对照方法相比，调节呼吸法对控制口吃的效果。21名口吃者接受了调节呼吸程序训练，训练内容包括教导说话者平稳而深沉地呼吸、在自然停顿点处停顿、提前规划讲话内容以及放松胸部和颈部肌肉。同时还采用了一些一般行为程序，包括放松训练、错误自我纠正、社会支持、日常家庭练习和反应意识，这些都是针对多种习惯的一般习惯逆转程序的组成部分。训练分一到两个疗程进行，并定期进行随访电话。每天记录日常讲话中的口吃发作次数，以确定治疗的普遍效果。调节呼吸法在训练后的第一天使报告的口吃发作次数减少了94%，在第四周和三个月随访期间减少了97%。对照程序仅使报告的口吃略有减少（约10%）。结果表明，与同等时长的替代治疗相比，调节呼吸法在减少日常讲话中报告的口吃发作次数方面具有显著效果。
