Long Manling, Zhang Peiyu, Shi Jingyu
School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, China.
Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200124, China.
Children (Basel). 2024 Aug 11;11(8):969. doi: 10.3390/children11080969.
Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are a part of the continuum of psychosis and are common in the general population. While most of these experiences are transient, they are strongly correlated with an increased risk of various adverse psychological outcomes. Anxiety and depressive symptoms also occur frequently in the adolescent population. Much research has previously demonstrated a correlation between these two symptoms and PLEs. However, few investigations have examined what influences this association, and sex and resilience may be important moderators.
This study selected a sample of first-year students from a university in Shanghai. A total of 2970 adolescents completed questionnaires measuring sociodemographic characteristics, anxiety/depressive symptoms by SCL-90, resilience by CD-RISC, and self-reported PLEs by PQ-16.
The findings indicated that PLEs were prevalent in the sample, with at least one PQ-16 item present in 42.5% of individuals. Anxiety/depressive symptoms were significantly associated with PLEs, and there was a sex difference in this association ( < 0.001). What is more, this relationship was stronger in males than in females. Additionally, we found a significant interaction ( < 0.001) between resilience and anxiety/depressive symptoms when looking at the correlates of PLEs. Those with stronger resilience showed a considerably weaker connection between PLEs and symptoms of anxiety and depression.
These findings can potentially inform the development of targeted new clinical interventions.
类精神病体验（PLEs）是精神病连续谱的一部分，在普通人群中很常见。虽然这些体验大多是短暂的，但它们与各种不良心理结果风险增加密切相关。焦虑和抑郁症状在青少年人群中也很常见。此前许多研究已证明这两种症状与PLEs之间存在关联。然而，很少有调查研究是什么影响了这种关联，而性别和心理韧性可能是重要的调节因素。
本研究选取了上海某大学一年级学生作为样本。共有2970名青少年完成了问卷调查，内容包括社会人口学特征、用SCL - 90测量的焦虑/抑郁症状、用CD - RISC测量的心理韧性以及用PQ - 16自我报告的PLEs。
研究结果表明，PLEs在样本中很普遍，42.5%的个体至少有一项PQ - 16项目。焦虑/抑郁症状与PLEs显著相关，且这种关联存在性别差异（<0.001）。此外，男性的这种关系比女性更强。另外，在研究PLEs的相关因素时，我们发现心理韧性与焦虑/抑郁症状之间存在显著的交互作用（<0.001）。心理韧性较强的个体中，PLEs与焦虑和抑郁症状之间的联系明显较弱。
这些发现可能为有针对性的新临床干预措施的开发提供参考。
