Natural Sciences Division, Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA 90263, USA.
Human Performance and Health Laboratory, Centre for Life and Sport Sciences (CLaSS), Birmingham City University, Birmingham B5 5JU, UK.
Nutrients. 2024 Aug 19;16(16):2764. doi: 10.3390/nu16162764.
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the influence of dietary nitrate supplementation on performance metrics during cycling sprint exercise according to the PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted on MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases up to September 2023. Inclusion criteria were healthy recreationally active men and women who consumed nitrate-rich and nitrate-deficient beetroot juice to assess performance outcomes of mean power, peak power, time-to-peak power, and minimum power during 30-s cycling sprints. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 and TESTEX tools and funnel plots. A random effects model was performed on six studies and showed that dietary nitrate had significant effects on time-to-peak power (SMD: -0.66, 95% CI: -1.127 to -0.192, = 0.006) but not on mean power, peak power, or minimum power. Subgroup analysis revealed that an acute low nitrate dose improved time-to-peak power (SMD: -0.977, 95% CI: -1.524 to -0.430, < 0.001) but not after a multiday moderate nitrate dose (SMD: -0.177, 95% CI: -0.619 to -0.264, = 0.431). These data suggest that acute nitrate supplementation can benefit time-to-peak power during 30-s cycling sprints, but due to the limited availability of data and heterogeneity in methodology, these results should be interpreted with caution. There was insufficient data on women to analyze sex-based differences. Future studies are required to provide insight on how supplementation regimen and population impact the effects of dietary nitrate for enhancing cycling sprint performance.
本系统评价和荟萃分析根据 PRISMA 指南研究了饮食硝酸盐补充对自行车冲刺运动中绩效指标的影响。检索了 MEDLINE、PubMed、ScienceDirect、Scopus 和 SPORTDiscus 数据库，截至 2023 年 9 月。纳入标准为健康的有娱乐性运动的男性和女性，他们摄入富含硝酸盐和不含硝酸盐的甜菜根汁，以评估 30 秒自行车冲刺的平均功率、峰值功率、达到峰值功率的时间和最小功率的表现结果。使用 Cochrane 风险偏倚 2 工具和 TESTEX 工具以及漏斗图评估偏倚风险。对六项研究进行了随机效应模型分析，结果表明，饮食硝酸盐对达到峰值功率有显著影响（SMD：-0.66，95%CI：-1.127 至 -0.192， = 0.006），但对平均功率、峰值功率或最小功率没有影响。亚组分析表明，急性低硝酸盐剂量可以提高达到峰值功率的时间（SMD：-0.977，95%CI：-1.524 至 -0.430， < 0.001），但多日中等硝酸盐剂量后则不行（SMD：-0.177，95%CI：-0.619 至 -0.264， = 0.431）。这些数据表明，急性硝酸盐补充可以有益于 30 秒自行车冲刺的达到峰值功率的时间，但由于数据有限且方法学存在异质性，应谨慎解释这些结果。由于数据不足，无法分析女性的性别差异。需要进一步的研究来提供关于补充方案和人群如何影响饮食硝酸盐对增强自行车冲刺表现的影响的见解。
