Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia.
Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Administrative Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Aug 1;25(8):2885-2893. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.8.2885.
The illicit cigarette trade endangers public health because it increases access to cheaper tobacco products, hence fueling the tobacco epidemic and undermining tobacco control policies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the execution of an illicit cigarette eradication program under the jurisdiction of the local government in Indonesia. We sought to provide insights into the effectiveness of current policies and their impact on the illicit cigarette trade in line with the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) protocol to eliminate illicit trade in tobacco products.
We conducted semistructured interviews with key policy-makers and semistructured FGDs with consumers and small- to medium-scale cigarette manufacturers at the district level. We indentified Pasuruan and Kudus as the districts or cities with the highest proportion of DBH CHT, and Jepara and Malang as a district with a highest illicit cigarette incident. We used reflective thematic analysis to identify the important opportunities and challenges facing illicit cigarette eradication programs in the three districts.
We identified four opportunities and four challenges related to illicit cigarette eradication program implementation under the local government. The opportunities for illicit cigarette eradication lie in strong central government regulatory and multisectoral authority support, consumer awareness, and local governments' commitment to tobacco supply chain control. The key challenges facing illicit cigarette eradication include ineffective public dissemination programs, rapidly changing regulatory designs, consumers' preferences for illicit products, and a lack of industrial involvement in tobacco supply chain control programs.
In addition to significant budget allocation and increasing consumer awareness, local programs to eradicate illicit cigarette production require considerable evaluation to rethink the program's design and external stakeholders' engagement within the local government's scope.
非法香烟贸易危害公共健康，因为它增加了更廉价烟草产品的获取途径，从而助长了烟草流行，并破坏了烟草控制政策。本研究的目的是评估印度尼西亚地方政府管辖范围内非法香烟清除计划的执行情况。我们旨在根据世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约（WHO FCTC）协议提供有关当前政策的有效性及其对非法香烟贸易的影响的见解，以消除烟草制品的非法贸易。
我们对主要政策制定者进行了半结构化访谈，并在区一级与消费者和中小规模香烟制造商进行了半结构化焦点小组讨论。我们确定帕苏鲁安和库都斯为 DBH CHT 比例最高的区/市，日惹和玛琅为非法香烟事件发生率最高的区。我们使用反思性主题分析来确定三个区非法香烟清除计划面临的重要机遇和挑战。
我们确定了与地方政府实施非法香烟清除计划有关的四个机遇和四个挑战。非法香烟清除的机会在于中央政府强有力的监管和多部门权力支持、消费者意识以及地方政府对烟草供应链控制的承诺。非法香烟清除面临的主要挑战包括公共传播计划的无效性、监管设计的快速变化、消费者对非法产品的偏好以及工业界缺乏参与烟草供应链控制计划。
除了大量预算分配和提高消费者意识外，地方非法香烟生产清除计划还需要进行大量评估，以重新思考该计划的设计，并在地方政府范围内重新考虑外部利益相关者的参与。
