Zhang Xuan, Ye Wen-Qian, Xin Xue-Ke, Gao Ying-Jie, Yang Fan
The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Aug 14;15:1437633. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1437633. eCollection 2024.
Given the increasing occurrence of stroke and high-sodium diets (DHIS) over the past 30 years, it is crucial to assess the global, national, and regional impact of DHIS on the burden of stroke.
The Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 provided the study's data. We used the Bayesian meta-regression tool DisMod-MR 2.1 to evaluate the burden of stroke attributable to DHIS. Age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) and age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) were used to quantify the burden. We perform correlation analysis utilizing the Spearman rank-order correlation method, and we calculate the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) to evaluate temporal trends.
Globally, DHIS accounts for 17,673.33 thousand disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 700.98 thousand deaths of stroke in 2019. The burden of stroke attributable to DHIS has declined between 1990 and 2019 globally and in the majority of regions, with the largest declines seen in regions with high sociodemographic indexes (SDI). Both ASMR and ASDR were higher regionally in regions with moderate SDI than those in developed regions. Furthermore, the absolute values of EAPC, reflecting the rate of decrease, were notably lower in these regions compared to developed nations. High-income North America, categorized within the SDI regions, notably witnessed the smallest decline in ASDR over the last three decades. Additionally, from 1990 to 2019, males consistently bore a larger burden of stroke attributable to DHIS.
The burden of stroke attributable to DHIS remained a major concern despite advancements in public knowledge of stroke and their utilization of emergency medical services. Over the past 30 years, more burden has been placed on males and regions with moderate SDI values; in males, higher EAPC values for both ASMR and ASDR have been found. This underscores the urgent need for effective interventions to alleviate the burden of stroke associated with DHIS.
鉴于过去30年中风和高钠饮食（DHIS）的发生率不断上升，评估DHIS对全球、国家和地区中风负担的影响至关重要。
2019年全球疾病负担研究提供了本研究的数据。我们使用贝叶斯元回归工具DisMod-MR 2.1来评估归因于DHIS的中风负担。年龄标准化残疾调整生命年（ASDR）和年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）用于量化负担。我们使用Spearman等级相关方法进行相关分析，并计算估计的年度百分比变化（EAPC）以评估时间趋势。
在全球范围内，2019年DHIS导致1767.33万残疾调整生命年（DALYs）和70.098万例中风死亡。1990年至2019年期间，全球和大多数地区归因于DHIS的中风负担有所下降，社会人口指数（SDI）较高的地区下降幅度最大。中等SDI地区的区域ASMR和ASDR均高于发达地区。此外，与发达国家相比，这些地区反映下降率的EAPC绝对值明显较低。属于SDI地区的高收入北美地区在过去三十年中ASDR下降幅度最小。此外，从1990年到2019年，男性始终承担着更大的归因于DHIS的中风负担。
尽管公众对中风的认识及其对紧急医疗服务的利用有所进步，但归因于DHIS的中风负担仍然是一个主要问题。在过去30年中，男性和中等SDI值地区承受了更多负担；在男性中，ASMR和ASDR的EAPC值更高。这凸显了采取有效干预措施以减轻与DHIS相关的中风负担的迫切需求。
