National Institute of Oncology and National Tumor Biology Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 29;14(1):20064. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70143-w.
Among malignant diseases, lung cancer has one of the highest mortality and incidence. Most epidemiological studies conclude that Hungary faces the most severe burden in association with this disease. However, for various reasons estimates and population-based studies show discrepancies. In this study, an intense data cleansing was performed on lung cancer cases that were reported to the Hungarian National Cancer Registry in 2018, and the major clinico-pathological parameters as well as survival characteristics were described. Our population-based figures were compared to the European estimates. As a result of our thorough revision, the corrected incidence of lung cancer has fallen below the number of cases that were reported to the Registry from 11,746 to 9,519. We also demonstrate that Hungary did not show the highest incidence and mortality in Europe, but it is still among the ones with the worst raking countries, with 92.9 and 50.6 age standardized rate per 100 thousand capita among males and females, respectively. Analysis of the annually reported case numbers revealed a gender-specific difference in incidence trends: while from 2001 to 2019 it slightly decreased among males, it increased among females. The most dominant subtype was adenocarcinoma, which was more frequent among female patients. Unfortunately, most of the newly diagnosed cases were in advanced stage; thus, 5 year overall survival was 14.8%. We anticipate that in the longer term, a decrease in incidence and improvement in survival rates may be expected as a result of the development of primary and secondary prevention programs in the country.
在恶性肿瘤中，肺癌的死亡率和发病率均居高位。大多数流行病学研究的结论认为，匈牙利在这种疾病方面面临着最严重的负担。然而，由于各种原因，估计和基于人群的研究结果存在差异。在这项研究中，对 2018 年向匈牙利国家癌症登记处报告的肺癌病例进行了密集的数据清理，并描述了主要的临床病理参数和生存特征。我们的基于人群的数据与欧洲的估计进行了比较。通过彻底的修正，我们发现肺癌的校正发病率已从向登记处报告的 11746 例降至 9519 例。我们还证明，匈牙利在欧洲并不是发病率和死亡率最高的国家，但它仍然是排名靠后的国家之一，男性和女性的年龄标准化发病率分别为 92.9 和 50.6 每 10 万人。对每年报告的病例数进行分析，发现发病率趋势存在性别差异：在男性中，从 2001 年到 2019 年，发病率略有下降，而在女性中则有所上升。最主要的亚型是腺癌，在女性患者中更为常见。不幸的是，大多数新诊断的病例都处于晚期，因此，5 年总生存率为 14.8%。我们预计，随着该国一级和二级预防计划的发展，在较长时期内，发病率的下降和生存率的提高可能是可以预期的。
