Study on the Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Activities, and Clinical Application of .

, a rare and protected genus predominantly distributed across the Northern Hemisphere's temperate regions, has garnered global attention due to its significant potential in medical research and pharmaceutical development, bolstered by advancements in cultivation techniques and medical technology. This review primarily focuses on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of , underscoring the progress and potential of these components in clinical applications. Recent studies have revealed that contains not only taxane active components but also flavonoids and polysaccharides with distinct activities. These compounds from exhibit potent antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, and antidiabetic properties with evident mechanisms of action. Notably, the representative compound, paclitaxel, has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating various cancers, such as ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. This paper also reviews the basic situation of drug formulations, with extracts primarily administered orally and monomeric taxanes typically via injection, reflecting a mature development stage with ongoing research into oral formulations. Finally, this review summarizes the pharmacokinetic characteristics of crucial compounds in , including their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion patterns in the human body. These pharmacokinetic profiles provide crucial guidance for evaluating the overall dosing regimen of and its components. The paper concludes with a forward-looking analysis of the potential applications of these compounds in disease treatment, envisioning their role in the future of medical and pharmaceutical advancements.