Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Ann Behav Med. 2024 Nov 16;58(12):863-868. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaae047.
African-American (AA) women are less likely to achieve ideal cardiovascular (CV) health compared with women of other racial/ethnic subgroups, primarily due to structural and psychosocial barriers. A potential psychosocial construct relevant to ideal CV health is the superwoman schema (SWS).
We explored whether the SWS was associated with perceived stress, CV risk factors, and overall CV health among AA women.
This cross-sectional analysis of the FAITH! Heart Health+ Study was conducted among AA women with high cardiometabolic risk. Pearson correlation evaluated associations between SWS and CV risk factors (e.g., stress, hypertension, diabetes, etc.). The 35-item SWS questionnaire includes five domains. Stress was measured by the 8-item Global Perceived Stress Scale (GPSS). CV health was assessed using the American Heart Association Life's Simple 7 (LS7) rubric of health behaviors/biometrics. Data acquisition spanned from February to August 2022.
The 38 women included in the analysis (mean age 54.3 [SD 11.5] years) had a high CV risk factor burden (71.1% hypertension, 76.3% overweight/obesity, 28.9% diabetes, 39.5% hyperlipidemia). Mean GPSS level was 7.7 (SD 5.2), CV health score 6.7 (SD 1.8), and SWS score 60.3 (SD 18.0). Feeling an "obligation to help others" and "obligation to present an image of strength" had strongest correlations with GPSS score among all SWS domains (r = 0.51; p = .002 and r = 0.39; p = .02, respectively). Correlation among the SWS domains and traditional CV risk factors was not statistically significant.
Our findings suggest that an obligation to help others and to project an image of strength could be contributing to stress among AA women.
与其他种族/族裔亚群的女性相比，非裔美国（AA）女性实现理想心血管（CV）健康的可能性较低，主要是由于结构性和心理社会障碍。与理想 CV 健康相关的一个潜在心理社会结构是女超人图式（SWS）。
我们探讨 SWS 是否与 AA 女性的感知压力、CV 风险因素和整体 CV 健康相关。
这项 FAITH！心脏健康+研究的横断面分析是在具有高心脏代谢风险的 AA 女性中进行的。Pearson 相关性评估了 SWS 与 CV 风险因素（例如压力、高血压、糖尿病等）之间的关联。SWS 问卷由 35 个项目组成，包括五个领域。压力通过 8 项全球感知压力量表（GPSS）来衡量。CV 健康使用美国心脏协会生命的简单 7（LS7）健康行为/生物标志物准则进行评估。数据采集时间为 2022 年 2 月至 8 月。
纳入分析的 38 名女性（平均年龄 54.3[11.5]岁）具有较高的 CV 风险因素负担（71.1%高血压、76.3%超重/肥胖、28.9%糖尿病、39.5%血脂异常）。平均 GPSS 水平为 7.7（5.2），CV 健康评分 6.7（1.8），SWS 评分 60.3（18.0）。在所有 SWS 领域中，“帮助他人的义务”和“表现出坚强形象的义务”与 GPSS 评分相关性最强（r=0.51；p=0.002 和 r=0.39；p=0.02，分别）。SWS 领域与传统 CV 风险因素之间的相关性无统计学意义。
我们的研究结果表明，帮助他人和表现出坚强形象的义务可能是导致 AA 女性压力的原因。
