Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology.
Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics.
Health Psychol. 2023 Jul;42(7):485-495. doi: 10.1037/hea0001309.
Life stressors have been linked to cardiovascular risk; however, studies typically focus on stressors that directly impact the individual, that is, personal stressors. Research suggests that women, particularly African-American women, may be more vulnerable to network stressors that involve family members and friends-potentially due to norms around needing to be a "Superwoman." Yet few studies have examined these phenomena.
We examined associations between network, versus personal, stressors, and elevated blood pressure (BP) in N = 392 African-American women aged 30-46. Questionnaire-assessed negative life events were classified into upsetting network or personal stressors. BP was assessed in clinic and via 48-hr ambulatory monitoring. Linear and logistic regression models examined associations between type of stressors and 48-hr daytime and nighttime systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and sustained hypertension after adjusting for relevant covariates. Interactions with questionnaire-assessed superwoman schema (SWS) were tested in exploratory analyses.
In age and sociodemographic-adjusted models, network stressors were significantly associated with daytime SBP, β (SE) = 2.01 (0.51), p ≤ .0001, and DBP, β (SE) = 1.59 (0.37), p ≤ .0001, but personal stressors were not (p values > .10). Associations persisted after adjustment for cardiovascular and psychosocial risk factors. Patterns were similar for nighttime BP and sustained hypertension. There were no interactions with SWS.
Network, but not personal, stressors were associated with elevated rates of daytime SBP and DBP, as well as sustained hypertension in African-American women, irrespective of SWS endorsement. Future research is needed to determine whether stress-management interventions focused on network stressors might impact BP in this high-risk population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
生活压力源与心血管风险有关；然而，研究通常侧重于直接影响个体的压力源，即个人压力源。研究表明，女性，尤其是非裔美国女性，可能更容易受到涉及家庭成员和朋友的网络压力源的影响，这可能是因为她们需要成为“女强人”的规范。然而，很少有研究探讨过这些现象。
我们研究了 392 名年龄在 30-46 岁的非裔美国女性的网络压力源与个人压力源与血压升高之间的关系。通过问卷评估的负性生活事件被归类为令人不安的网络或个人压力源。在诊所和通过 48 小时动态血压监测评估血压。线性和逻辑回归模型检查了压力源类型与 48 小时白天和夜间收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）以及调整相关协变量后的持续性高血压之间的关联。在探索性分析中测试了与问卷评估的女强人模式（SWS）的交互作用。
在年龄和社会人口统计学调整模型中，网络压力源与白天 SBP 显著相关，β（SE）=2.01（0.51），p≤.0001，与 DBP 显著相关，β（SE）=1.59（0.37），p≤.0001，而个人压力源则没有（p 值>.10）。调整心血管和心理社会危险因素后，相关性仍然存在。夜间血压和持续性高血压的模式相似。与 SWS 无交互作用。
网络压力源而非个人压力源与非裔美国女性白天 SBP 和 DBP 升高以及持续性高血压有关，无论 SWS 的认可情况如何。需要进一步的研究来确定针对网络压力源的压力管理干预措施是否会对该高危人群的血压产生影响。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2023 APA，保留所有权利）。
