Kojima Masami, Tasaki Takafumi, Kamijo Toshio, Hada Aki, Suzuki Yukihisa, Ikehata Masateru, Sasaki Hiroshi
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Graduate School of Systems Design, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan.
Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory, Human Science Division, Railway Technical Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
Health Phys. 2024 Nov 1;127(5):557-564. doi: 10.1097/HP.0000000000001843. Epub 2024 Aug 30.
Millimeter waves (MMW) are pervasive in society; however, studies on the biological effects of MMW exposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity. We investigated the effects of a 6-min exposure to 60 GHz MMW (wavelength, 5.0 mm) at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm -2 in eyes (exposed right eyes vs. unexposed left eyes) under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments (24 °C/50%, 45 °C/20%, and 45 °C/80%) using an in vivo rabbit model. Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events, including corneal epithelial damage (assessed using fluorescein staining), corneal opacity (evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy), and corneal thickness (measured via optical coherence tomography). Our findings indicate that higher temperatures and humidity tend to exacerbate MMW-induced ocular damage, albeit not significantly in the present study. Further research with a larger sample size is warranted. Incident power density emerged as a factor that was directly linked to the ocular damage threshold. High ambient temperature and humidity tended to exacerbate ocular damage from MMW exposure, although the effect was secondary. Ocular damage in a high-temperature (45 °C), high-humidity (80%) environment was increased to the same extent as that by incident power density increased by approximately 100 mW cm -2 in an ocular damage model in a standard environment (24 °C, 50%). In a high-humidity environment, the internal ocular tissue temperature increased at a high ambient temperature of 45 °C, suggesting that the eyeball may respond differently compared to other tissues.
毫米波（MMW）在社会中无处不在；然而，关于毫米波暴露的生物学效应的研究通常是在实验室环境中进行的，无法反映全球环境的多样性。我们使用体内兔模型，在各种环境温度/相对湿度环境（24℃/50%、45℃/20%和45℃/80%）下，研究了在200和300 mW/cm²的入射功率密度下，暴露6分钟的60 GHz毫米波（波长5.0 mm）对眼睛（暴露的右眼与未暴露的左眼）的影响。研究了与不良眼部事件的相关性，包括角膜上皮损伤（使用荧光素染色评估）、角膜混浊（通过裂隙灯显微镜评估）和角膜厚度（通过光学相干断层扫描测量）。我们的研究结果表明，较高的温度和湿度往往会加剧毫米波引起的眼部损伤，尽管在本研究中不显著。有必要进行更大样本量的进一步研究。入射功率密度是与眼部损伤阈值直接相关的一个因素。高环境温度和湿度往往会加剧毫米波暴露引起的眼部损伤，尽管这种影响是次要的。在高温（45℃）、高湿度（80%）环境中的眼部损伤增加程度与在标准环境（24℃，50%）的眼部损伤模型中入射功率密度增加约100 mW/cm²时相同。在高湿度环境中，在45℃的高环境温度下眼内组织温度升高，这表明眼球与其他组织的反应可能不同。
