Department of Public Health, Jimma University, P.O.Box 378, Jimma, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Clinical Trial Unit, Jimma University, Oromia, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):908. doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09836-6.
Studying the characteristics of hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients is vital for understanding the disease and preparing for future outbreaks. The aim of this study was to analyze and describe the clinical profiles and factors associated with mortality among COVID-19 patients admitted to Jimma Medical Center COVID-19 Treatment Center (JMC CTC) in Ethiopia.
All confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to JMC CTC between 17 April 2020 and 05 March 2022 were included in this study. Socio-demographic data, clinical information, and outcome variables were collected retrospectively from medical records and COVID-19 database at the hospital. Bivariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine factors associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
A total of 542 confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted to JMC CTC, of which 322 (59.4%) were male. Their median age was 48 years (IQR 32-64). About 51% (n = 277) of them had severe COVID-19 upon admission. Patients with hypertension [AOR: 2.8 (95% CI: 1.02-7.7, p = 0.046)], diabetes [AOR: 8.8 (95% CI: 1.2-17.3, p = 0.039)], and underlying respiratory diseases [AOR: 18.8 (95% CI: 2.06-71.51, p = 0.009)] were more likely to present with severe COVID-19 cases. Overall, 129 (23.8%) died in the hospital. Death rate was higher among patients admitted with severe disease [AHR = 5.5 (3.07-9.9) p < 0.001)] and those with comorbidities such as hypertension [AHR = 3.5 (2.28-5.41), p < 0.001], underlying respiratory disease [AHR = 3.4 (1.97-5.94), p < 0.001], cardiovascular disease (CVDs) [AHR = 2.8 (1.73-4.55), p < 0.001], and kidney diseases [AHR = 3.7 (2.3-5.96), p < 0.001].
About half of COVID-19 cases admitted to the hospital had severe disease upon admission. Comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and respiratory diseases were linked to severe illness. COVID-19 admissions were associated with high inpatient mortality, particularly among those with severe disease and comorbidities.
研究住院的 2019 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）患者的特征对于了解该疾病和为未来的爆发做好准备至关重要。本研究旨在分析和描述在埃塞俄比亚 Jimma 医疗中心 COVID-19 治疗中心（JMC CTC）住院的 COVID-19 患者的临床特征和与死亡率相关的因素。
本研究纳入了 2020 年 4 月 17 日至 2022 年 3 月 5 日期间在 JMC CTC 住院的所有确诊 COVID-19 患者。回顾性收集来自医院病历和 COVID-19 数据库的社会人口学数据、临床信息和结局变量。采用单变量和多变量分析来确定与 COVID-19 严重程度和死亡率相关的因素。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
共有 542 例确诊的 COVID-19 患者入住 JMC CTC，其中 322 例（59.4%）为男性。他们的中位年龄为 48 岁（IQR 32-64）。约 51%（n=277）的患者入院时患有重症 COVID-19。患有高血压（AOR：2.8（95%CI：1.02-7.7，p=0.046））、糖尿病（AOR：8.8（95%CI：1.2-17.3，p=0.039））和基础呼吸系统疾病（AOR：18.8（95%CI：2.06-71.51，p=0.009））的患者更有可能出现重症 COVID-19 病例。总体而言，有 129 人（23.8%）在医院死亡。重症患者的死亡率更高[调整后危险比（AHR）=5.5（3.07-9.9），p<0.001)]，且患有高血压（AHR=3.5（2.28-5.41））、基础呼吸系统疾病（AHR=3.4（1.97-5.94））、心血管疾病（CVDs）（AHR=2.8（1.73-4.55））和肾脏疾病（AHR=3.7（2.3-5.96））等合并症的患者死亡率更高。
约一半的住院 COVID-19 患者入院时患有重症疾病。高血压、糖尿病和呼吸系统疾病等合并症与重症疾病相关。COVID-19 住院患者的住院死亡率较高，尤其是重症患者和合并症患者。
