Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2024 Sep 2;24(1):175. doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01706-1.
China has undergone a significant socioeconomic transformation over the past few decades due to the implementation of family planning policies. These societal changes have resulted in an increased susceptibility among females to developing cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). Unfortunately, studies investigating the correlation between family planning policies in China and the incidence of CMD remain scarce.
Data from 1,226 females, aged 30 years or older with ≥ 1 live birth, undergoing routine physical examinations between January 2018 and December 2021 were collected, and they were grouped by number of live births 1, 2, and ≥ 3. A binary logistic regression model was employed to examine the association between the number of live births with CMD. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis was performed to elucidate the impact of the implementation of family planning policies with CMD.
Women with live births ≥ 3 tended to be older, had higher gravidities, a greater proportion of central obesity, general obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia (all P < 0.05). Across the three groups (live birth = 1, =2 and ≥ 3), the odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI for obesity were: 1.00, 3.32 (2.36-4.69), and 5.73 (3.79-8.68); for dyslipidemia were: 1.00, 1.75 (1.29-2.39), and 2.02 (1.38-2.94); and for CMD were: 1.00, 1.91 (1.44-2.54), and 2.15 (1.46-3.15), respectively (all P < 0.05). In addition, based on the different periods of the childbearing policy in China, a subgroup analysis (where age was divided into ≤ 45, 45-65, and ≥ 65 years old) found that each additional live birth increased the prevalence risk of obesity and CMD in the younger generations, while hypertension and dyslipidemia in the elder generation.
Higher live births are positively associated with the prevalence of CMD among women in Southwest China. Moreover, giving birth after the implementation of the one-child policy tends to have a higher risk of developing CMD.
中国在过去几十年中经历了重大的社会经济转型，这是由于实施了计划生育政策。这些社会变化导致女性更容易患上心血管代谢疾病（CMD）。不幸的是，研究中国计划生育政策与 CMD 发病率之间关系的研究仍然很少。
收集了 2018 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间进行常规体检的 1226 名年龄在 30 岁或以上、至少有 1 次活产的女性的数据，并根据活产次数将其分为 1、2 和≥3 组。采用二元逻辑回归模型检查活产次数与 CMD 之间的关联。此外，进行了亚组分析以阐明计划生育政策的实施对 CMD 的影响。
活产次数≥3 的女性年龄较大，生育次数较多，中心性肥胖、全身性肥胖、高血压和血脂异常的比例较高（均 P<0.05）。在三组（活产=1、=2 和≥3）中，肥胖的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间分别为：1.00、3.32（2.36-4.69）和 5.73（3.79-8.68）；血脂异常分别为：1.00、1.75（1.29-2.39）和 2.02（1.38-2.94）；CMD 分别为：1.00、1.91（1.44-2.54）和 2.15（1.46-3.15）（均 P<0.05）。此外，根据中国生育政策的不同时期，亚组分析（将年龄分为≤45、45-65 和≥65 岁）发现，每增加一次活产，年轻一代的肥胖和 CMD 发病风险增加，而老年一代的高血压和血脂异常发病风险增加。
较高的活产次数与中国西南部女性患 CMD 的流行率呈正相关。此外，在一孩政策实施后生育往往会增加患 CMD 的风险。
