From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.
Department of Gynecology, The Reproductive Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Menopause. 2024 Nov 1;31(11):1006-1013. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000002428. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
The number of perimenopausal women in China is rising, but the population's concept of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is still relatively outdated.
In this study, we used the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) theory and collected online questionnaires from 1,100 women aged 40 to 60 years nationwide to find out their menopausal symptom profiles; to learn about their perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors toward menopause and MHT; to explore the factors influencing the acceptance of hormone treatments; and to look for better ways to promote the dissemination of menopausal knowledge.
The results revealed that among women aged 40 to 60 years, 82.36% experienced possible menopausal symptoms, with hot flushes/sweating, sleep disorders, mood disorders, and fatigue being the most prevalent; 55.90% reported moderate to severe symptoms, but only 46.99% of them sought healthcare services. Among those who sought medical care, 16.00% had their first visit to climacteric clinics/gynecological endocrinology, and 5.66% accepted MHT. Furthermore, 77.82% of participants never heard of MHT or were unaware of its existence. The healthcare-seeking behavior of menopausal women in response to symptoms and their willingness to accept MHT were found to be closely associated with their level of self-care.
The prevalence of menopausal symptoms is higher in China than previous research findings, but due to a lack of relevant knowledge, the rate of seeking treatment from the appropriate medical department and accepting MHT is relatively low. Enhancing physicians' knowledge of the menopausal transition and using Internet tools might help improve Chinese women's knowledge of menopause and help them pass through this period smoothly.
中国围绝经期女性人数不断增加，但人群对绝经激素治疗（MHT）的观念仍相对落后。
本研究采用知识-态度-实践（KAP）理论，通过网络向全国 40~60 岁的 1100 名女性发放问卷，了解其围绝经期症状谱，以及对绝经和 MHT 的认知、态度和行为，探讨影响激素治疗接受度的因素，寻找更好的途径促进绝经知识传播。
40~60 岁女性中，82.36%出现可能的围绝经期症状，以潮热/出汗、睡眠障碍、情绪障碍和疲劳最常见；55.90%报告中重度症状，但仅 46.99%寻求医疗服务。寻求医疗服务者中，16.00%首诊于更年期门诊/妇科内分泌，5.66%接受 MHT。此外，77.82%的参与者从未听说过 MHT 或不知道其存在。围绝经期女性对症状的就医行为和对 MHT 的接受意愿与其自我保健意识密切相关。
中国围绝经期症状的发生率高于既往研究报道，但由于缺乏相关知识，到合适的医疗部门就诊和接受 MHT 的比例相对较低。提高医生对围绝经期转归的认识并利用互联网工具，可能有助于提高中国女性对绝经的认识，帮助其平稳度过这一时期。
