School of Sports Science and Physical Education, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road 1, Qixia district, Nanjing, 210097, China.
Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Sep 3;24(1):729. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05313-6.
To establish and validate the criterion-referenced standards of functional fitness in predicting physical independence in 80 + years.
A group of 2,749 older community dwellers (60-84 years) were recruited, and 2,050 were identified with moderate-to-high independent living ability according to the proposed minimum composite physical function score. The Senior Fitness Test battery was applied to measure functional fitness at five-year intervals. The declining rate for each fitness dimension was calculated based on the differences between any two adjacent age groups and was adjusted according to the reported degradation rate differences between the cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
The age-and-sex-specific criterion-referenced standards were identified for muscle strength, cardiovascular endurance, and dynamic balance that older adults should possess at 60-79 to maintain independent living abilities. Moderate to high consistency (k = 0.622-0.650) and associations (φ = 0.641-0.694) were found between the predicted physical independence by criterion-referenced standards of functional fitness and the results from the composite physical function scale. Moreover, the predicted independent living abilities in later years from the criterion-referenced standards of functional fitness showed high test-retest reliability (P = 0.90-0.96).
The criterion-referenced standards for functional fitness are valid and reliable to predict independent living abilities in later years, and provide the threshold to identify the limitations in physical fitness and detect the risks of functional disabilities among older adults in an early stage.
建立和验证功能体能的标准参照标准，以预测 80 岁以上人群的身体独立性。
招募了一组 2749 名年龄在 60-84 岁之间的社区居住的老年人，并根据建议的最低综合身体功能评分确定了 2050 名具有中高度独立生活能力的老年人。应用老年人体能测试电池（Senior Fitness Test battery），每五年测量一次功能体能。根据任何两个相邻年龄组之间的差异计算每个体能维度的下降率，并根据横断面和纵向研究之间报道的退化率差异进行调整。
确定了 60-79 岁老年人应具备的肌肉力量、心血管耐力和动态平衡的年龄和性别特定的标准参照标准，以保持独立生活能力。功能体能标准参照标准预测的身体独立性与综合身体功能量表的结果之间存在中度至高度一致性（k=0.622-0.650）和关联（φ=0.641-0.694）。此外，功能体能标准参照标准预测的未来独立生活能力具有很高的测试-重测可靠性（P=0.90-0.96）。
功能体能的标准参照标准可有效可靠地预测未来几年的独立生活能力，提供了识别身体功能局限性和早期发现老年人功能残疾风险的阈值。
