Department of Emergency and Critical care Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, p.o.Box 79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2024 Jan-Dec;18:17534666241275336. doi: 10.1177/17534666241275336.
Asthma is a leading cause of emergency hospital visits and a significant factor in lost productive hours. The lack of a synthesized body of knowledge on bronchial asthma has notable public health implications.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the prevalence of asthma and its predictors among patients presenting in Ethiopian public hospitals.
Duplicate studies were removed using EndNote version X9. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale guided the quality assessment, and data extraction followed the Joanna Briggs Institute format.
The authors used advanced search methods, including databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Africa Index Medicus, Science Direct, HINARI, Google Scholar, and manual searches. Data presentation adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's regression test and a funnel plot. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted.
The search yielded 352 original articles, with 22 meeting the criteria for inclusion. Using the random-effects DerSimonian-Laird model, the prevalence of bronchial asthma was found to be 9.02% (95% CI: 7.50, 10.53). Several factors were associated with the prevalence of bronchial asthma, including the spring season (AOR 3.7; 95% CI: 2.11, 6.49), childhood age (AOR 4.2; 95% CI: 1.84, 9.55), and urban residence (AOR 1.7; 95% CI: 1.29, 2.31). Other significant factors include family history of asthma (AOR 2.89; 95% CI: 2.22, 3.75), insecticide exposure (AOR 3.3; 95% CI: 2.23, 4.91), and the presence of household insects like cockroaches (AOR 3.33; 95% CI: 2.15, 5.15). Smoking (AOR 3.64; 95% CI: 2.66, 4.98), obstructive sleep apnea (AOR 4.29; 95% CI: 2.37, 7.76), and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (AOR 4.31; 95% CI: 2.24, 8.32) were also significant.
The pooled prevalence of bronchial asthma is notably high in Ethiopia. Key predictors include childhood age, spring season, urban living, family history of asthma, exposure to insecticides, presence of cockroaches, smoking, obstructive sleep apnea, and recurrent upper respiratory infections. Targeted interventions are crucial and should focus on lifestyle improvements, allergen identification, cockroach control, smoking cessation, reducing insecticide exposure, and promoting a safe environment.
This review's protocol was pre-registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO registration number CRD42023491222).
哮喘是导致急诊就诊的主要原因之一，也是生产力损失的重要因素。缺乏关于支气管哮喘的综合知识体系，这对公共卫生具有重要意义。
本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在调查埃塞俄比亚公立医院患者中哮喘及其预测因素的患病率。
使用 EndNote 版本 X9 去除重复的研究。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行质量评估，数据提取遵循 Joanna Briggs 研究所的格式。
作者使用了先进的搜索方法，包括 PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Africa Index Medicus、Science Direct、HINARI、Google Scholar 等数据库，以及手动搜索。数据呈现符合系统评价和荟萃分析的 Preferred Reporting Items (PRISMA) 清单。使用 Egger 回归检验和漏斗图评估发表偏倚。还进行了敏感性分析。
搜索产生了 352 篇原始文章，其中 22 篇符合纳入标准。使用随机效应 DerSimonian-Laird 模型，支气管哮喘的患病率为 9.02%（95%CI：7.50，10.53）。几个因素与支气管哮喘的患病率有关，包括春季（AOR 3.7；95%CI：2.11，6.49）、儿童年龄（AOR 4.2；95%CI：1.84，9.55）和城市居住（AOR 1.7；95%CI：1.29，2.31）。其他重要因素包括哮喘家族史（AOR 2.89；95%CI：2.22，3.75）、杀虫剂暴露（AOR 3.3；95%CI：2.23，4.91）和蟑螂等家庭昆虫的存在（AOR 3.33；95%CI：2.15，5.15）。吸烟（AOR 3.64；95%CI：2.66，4.98）、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（AOR 4.29；95%CI：2.37，7.76）和复发性上呼吸道感染（AOR 4.31；95%CI：2.24，8.32）也很显著。
埃塞俄比亚支气管哮喘的总体患病率显著较高。主要预测因素包括儿童年龄、春季、城市居住、哮喘家族史、杀虫剂暴露、蟑螂存在、吸烟、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和复发性上呼吸道感染。有针对性的干预措施至关重要，应侧重于改善生活方式、识别过敏原、控制蟑螂、戒烟、减少杀虫剂暴露以及促进安全环境。
本研究的方案已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（PROSPERO 注册号 CRD42023491222）中预先注册。
