College of Basic Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150036, China.
College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2024 Sep 6;24(1):178. doi: 10.1186/s12902-024-01711-4.
Previous studies have shown significant associations between individual fat-soluble vitamins (FSVs) and metabolic syndromes (MetS). However, evidence on the multiple FSVs co-exposure and MetS odds is limited. Given that individuals are typically exposed to different levels of FSVs simultaneously, and FSVs can interact with each other. It's necessary to explore the association between multiple FSVs co-exposure and MetS odds. This study aims to address this gap in general U.S. adults aged ≥ 20 years.
We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANESs) 2003-2006 and 2017-2018. Three FSV, including vitamin A (VA), vitamin E (VE), and vitamin D (VD), and MetS diagnosed according to the ATP III guidelines were selected as exposure and outcome, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted logistic model was used to explore the associations of individual FSV exposure with MetS odds and MetS components. Restricted cubic splines were performed to explore the dose-response relationships among them. The quantile g-computation method was adopted to explore the associations of multiple FSVs co-exposure with MetS odds and MetS components.
The presented study included a total of 13,975 individuals, with 2400 (17.17%) were diagnosed with MetS. After adjusting for various confounders, a positive linear pattern was observed for serum VA and VE and MetS associations. Serum VD was found to be negatively associated with MetS in a linear dose-response way. For each component of MetS, higher serum VA and VE were associated with higher triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein; higher serum VD was negatively associated with triglyceride, blood pressure, and fasting plasma glucose. MetS odds increased by 15% and 13%, respectively, in response to one quartile increase in FSVs co-exposure index (qgcomp) in the conditional model (OR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.24) and the marginal structural model (OR = 1.13, 95%CI: 1.06, 1.20). Besides, co-exposure to VA, VE, and VD was positively associated with triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein, and blood pressure levels.
Findings in the present study revealed that high serum VA and VE levels were associated with elevated MetS odds, while serum VD was inversely associated with MetS odds. FSVs co-exposure was positively associated with MetS odds.
先前的研究表明，个体脂溶性维生素（FSV）与代谢综合征（MetS）之间存在显著关联。然而，关于多种 FSV 共同暴露与 MetS 比值的证据有限。鉴于个体通常同时处于不同水平的 FSV 暴露状态，并且 FSV 之间可以相互作用，因此有必要探讨多种 FSV 共同暴露与 MetS 比值之间的关联。本研究旨在针对美国≥20 岁的一般成年人填补这一空白。
我们利用 2003-2006 年和 2017-2018 年国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据开展了一项横断面研究。选择三种 FSV，包括维生素 A（VA）、维生素 E（VE）和维生素 D（VD），以及根据 ATP III 指南诊断的 MetS，分别作为暴露和结局指标。采用多变量调整的逻辑模型探讨个体 FSV 暴露与 MetS 比值及 MetS 成分之间的关联。采用限制立方样条模型探讨它们之间的剂量-反应关系。采用分位数组计算法探讨多种 FSV 共同暴露与 MetS 比值及 MetS 成分之间的关联。
本研究共纳入 13975 名个体，其中 2400 名（17.17%）被诊断为 MetS。在校正了各种混杂因素后，发现血清 VA 和 VE 与 MetS 之间呈正线性关联，而血清 VD 与 MetS 之间呈负线性剂量-反应关系。对于 MetS 的每个成分，较高的血清 VA 和 VE 与较高的甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白有关；较高的血清 VD 与甘油三酯、血压和空腹血糖呈负相关。在条件模型（OR=1.15，95%CI：1.06，1.24）和边缘结构模型（OR=1.13，95%CI：1.06，1.20）中，FSV 共同暴露指数（qgcomp）每增加一个四分位数，MetS 比值分别增加 15%和 13%。此外，VA、VE 和 VD 的共同暴露与甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和血压水平呈正相关。
本研究结果表明，血清 VA 和 VE 水平较高与 MetS 比值升高有关，而血清 VD 与 MetS 比值呈负相关。FSV 共同暴露与 MetS 比值呈正相关。
