Olsen Thomas, Lerner Ulf H
Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute for Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Food Nutr Res. 2023 Nov 7;67. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v67.10229. eCollection 2023.
Vitamin A refers to a group of fat-soluble compounds with retinol activity, including all- retinol and pro-vitamin A carotenoids. Bioactive compounds include retinal and all- retinoic acid with important functions in vision, immune function, growth, and development. The literature search that was performed for the current scoping review yielded a total of seven publications relevant to setting the recommended daily intake for vitamin A. In total, six publications assessed the relationship of serum retinol and/or dietary vitamin A intake with fracture risk ( = 2), cancer ( = 3), and deficiency after bariatric surgery ( = 1). One additional report by the European Food Safety Administration (EFSA) with updated average requirements was included. The outcomes-based systematic reviews and meta-analyses showed positive associations for vitamin A intake and serum retinol with risk of hip fracture. Weak or inconclusive associations were observed for cancer or obesity. One publication by EFSA with updated estimated average requirements and population reference intakes for dietary vitamin A intakes was published in 2015. The EFSA recommendations and estimated average requirements are based on a European reference population, with body weights derived from an assumed body mass index of 22, which might be too low and not representative of the Nordic and Baltic populations, and consequently resulting in lower estimated average requirements and recommendations. In conclusion, there were limited new outcomes-based data for vitamin A and health outcomes.
维生素A是指一组具有视黄醇活性的脂溶性化合物，包括全反式视黄醇和维生素A原类胡萝卜素。生物活性化合物包括视黄醛和全反式视黄酸，它们在视觉、免疫功能、生长和发育方面具有重要作用。为本次范围综述所进行的文献检索共产生了7篇与确定维生素A推荐每日摄入量相关的出版物。总共6篇出版物评估了血清视黄醇和/或膳食维生素A摄入量与骨折风险（n = 2）、癌症（n = 3）以及减肥手术后维生素A缺乏（n = 1）之间的关系。还纳入了欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）的一份包含更新后平均需求量的额外报告。基于结果的系统评价和荟萃分析表明，维生素A摄入量和血清视黄醇与髋部骨折风险呈正相关。对于癌症或肥胖，观察到的关联较弱或不明确。EFSA于2015年发表了一篇关于膳食维生素A摄入量的更新后估计平均需求量和人群参考摄入量的出版物。EFSA的建议和估计平均需求量基于欧洲参考人群，体重来自假设的体重指数22，这可能过低且不能代表北欧和波罗的海人群，因此导致估计平均需求量和建议较低。总之，关于维生素A与健康结果的基于新结果的数据有限。
