Institute of Food Safety and Assessment, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 30;14(3):610. doi: 10.3390/nu14030610.
Vitamin A, a fat-soluble essential vitamin, is implicated in a large range of physiological processes. Up to now, the associations between vitamin A and metabolic syndrome (MetS) or other metabolic risk factors are controversial in children and adolescents. Thus, we aimed to dig into the relationship of vitamin A with MetS and many other metabolic risk factors. This was a cross-sectional study derived from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Mothers. A total of 3025 school-aged (7-17 years) children and adolescents were selected by applying multistage stratified cluster random sampling methods in the Jiangsu Province of eastern China. Through enquiry survey, anthropometric measurement and laboratory examination, relevant information and blood biochemical indexes of the participants were collected in this study. MetS was identified according to the modified criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Multivariate logistic analysis and the generalized additive model (GAM) were used to analyze the relationship between vitamin A and various metabolic risk factors. The overweight, obesity and MetS prevalence of children and adolescents in this study was 14.0%, 11.9% and 5.1%, respectively. The risk of prevalent MetS, general obesity, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high total cholesterol (TC) and hyperuricemia increased with vitamin A in a dose-dependent way. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum vitamin A Z scores were positively associated with MetS and central obesity, elevated blood pressure (BP) and elevated triglyceride (TG). Sex stratification analysis showed that both in male and female participants, the risk of prevalent MetS, general obesity, high LDL, high TC and hyperuricemia still increased with vitamin A levels. MetS was at a high prevalence level in children and adolescents in Jiangsu that were 7-17 years old. Vitamin A was positively associated with obesity, MetS, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. More public health measures and new visions should focus on the effects of retinol on children and adolescents.
维生素 A 是一种脂溶性必需维生素，涉及多种生理过程。迄今为止，维生素 A 与代谢综合征（MetS）或其他代谢危险因素之间的关联在儿童和青少年中仍存在争议。因此，我们旨在深入研究维生素 A 与 MetS 和许多其他代谢危险因素之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究，源自中国儿童和乳母营养与健康监测。采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法，在江苏省抽取了 3025 名学龄期（7-17 岁）儿童和青少年。通过问卷调查、人体测量和实验室检查，收集了参与者的相关信息和血液生化指标。MetS 根据美国国家胆固醇教育计划-成人治疗专家组 III（NCEP-ATP III）的修订标准进行诊断。多变量逻辑分析和广义加性模型（GAM）用于分析维生素 A 与各种代谢危险因素之间的关系。本研究中儿童和青少年超重、肥胖和 MetS 的患病率分别为 14.0%、11.9%和 5.1%。随着维生素 A 剂量的增加，MetS、普通肥胖、低密脂蛋白（LDL）升高、总胆固醇（TC）升高和高尿酸血症的发病风险呈上升趋势。Logistic 回归分析表明，血清维生素 A Z 评分与 MetS 和中心性肥胖、血压升高（BP）和甘油三酯升高（TG）呈正相关。性别分层分析显示，在男性和女性参与者中，MetS、普通肥胖、LDL 升高、TC 升高和高尿酸血症的发病风险仍随维生素 A 水平的升高而增加。江苏省 7-17 岁儿童和青少年的 MetS 患病率较高。维生素 A 与肥胖、MetS、血脂异常和高尿酸血症呈正相关。应采取更多的公共卫生措施和新视角来关注视黄醇对儿童和青少年的影响。
