Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India.
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Italy.
Dent Med Probl. 2024 Jul-Aug;61(4):627-632. doi: 10.17219/dmp/187107.
Dental implants are increasingly favored as a therapeutic replacement option for edentulism. Titanium (Ti), due to its excellent biocompatibility and unique osseointegration properties, is commonly used in dental implants. Various surface modifications have been explored to improve osseointegration outcomes. Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising material with various applications. Chitosan, found in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and in marine algae, has several biomedical applications. Silver (Ag) is another promising antibacterial agent that increases permeability and damages the bacterial cell membrane upon binding.
The present study applied a novel implant surface coating of Ag-decorated GO and chitosan on Ti implants to promote bone formation. We further analyzed the physiochemical and antibacterial properties of this surface coating.
A solution was prepared by mixing 3 mL of 1% chitosan solution with 10 mg of Ag-GO nanoparticles (NPs). Titanium metal was heated to 70-80°C on a hotplate and the solution was applied onto Ti to obtain an adhesive surface coating. The coated implant was further analyzed for surface properties, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, the attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) technique, and the biocompatibility and corrosion analyses.
The SEM analysis revealed a homogenously spread, rough, fibrillar and porous layer of coating on the metal surface. The EDX and ATR-FTIR analyses confirmed the successful coating of the implant surface with Ag-decorated GO and chitosan layers. The cell culture assay demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of the surface coating. The corrosion analysis showed improved corrosion resistance of the developed implant surface coating.
The various analyses of the coating showed ideal properties for improved cell attachment, differentiation and proliferation while maintaining an antimicrobial environment on the implant surface.
种植牙作为一种治疗无牙颌的替代方案，越来越受到青睐。钛（Ti）由于其出色的生物相容性和独特的骨整合特性，常被用于种植牙。各种表面改性方法已被探索用于改善骨整合效果。氧化石墨烯（GO）是一种具有广泛应用前景的材料。壳聚糖存在于甲壳类动物的外壳和海洋藻类中，具有多种生物医学应用。银（Ag）是另一种有前途的抗菌剂，它与细菌结合后会增加通透性并破坏细菌细胞膜。
本研究在 Ti 种植体表面应用了一种新型的 Ag 修饰 GO 和壳聚糖涂层，以促进骨形成。我们进一步分析了这种表面涂层的物理化学和抗菌性能。
将 3 mL 1%壳聚糖溶液与 10 mg Ag-GO 纳米颗粒（NPs）混合制备溶液。将钛金属在热板上加热至 70-80°C，将溶液涂覆在 Ti 上以获得粘性表面涂层。进一步对涂层植入物进行表面特性分析，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散 X 射线（EDX）分析、衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外（ATR-FTIR）技术以及生物相容性和腐蚀分析。
SEM 分析显示，金属表面均匀分布着一层粗糙、纤维状和多孔的涂层。EDX 和 ATR-FTIR 分析证实了成功地在植入物表面涂覆了 Ag 修饰的 GO 和壳聚糖层。细胞培养试验表明表面涂层具有良好的生物相容性。腐蚀分析表明，开发的植入物表面涂层具有更好的耐腐蚀性。
对涂层的各种分析表明，该涂层具有理想的特性，可改善细胞附着、分化和增殖，同时在植入物表面保持抗菌环境。
