Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China.
Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, National Forest and Grassland Administration, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan Province, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Sep 6;24(1):833. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05555-x.
'Hongyang' kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis cv 'Hongyang') is a high-quality variety of A. chinensis with the advantages of high yield, early ripening, and high stress tolerance. Studies have confirmed that the Shaker K genes family is involved in plant uptake and distribution of potassium (K).
Twenty-eight Shaker genes were identified and analyzed from the 'Hongyang' kiwifruit (A. chinensis cv 'Hongyang') genome. Subcellular localization results showed that more than one-third of the AcShaker genes were on the cell membrane. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the AcShaker genes were divided into six subfamilies (I-VI). Conservative model, gene structure, and structural domain analyses showed that AcShaker genes of the same subfamily have similar sequence features and structure. The promoter cis-elements of the AcShaker genes were classified into hormone-associated cis-elements and environmentally stress-associated cis-elements. The results of chromosomal localization and duplicated gene analysis demonstrated that AcShaker genes were distributed on 18 chromosomes, and segmental duplication was the prime mode of gene duplication in the AcShaker family. GO enrichment analysis manifested that the ion-conducting pathway of the AcShaker family plays a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development and adversity stress. Compared with the transcriptome data of the control group, all AcShaker genes were expressed under low-Kstress, and the expression differences of three genes (AcShaker15, AcShaker17, and AcShaker22) were highly significant. The qRT-PCR results showed a high correlation with the transcriptome data, which indicated that these three differentially expressed genes could regulate low-K stress and reduce K damage in kiwifruit plants, thus improving the resistance to low-K stress. Comparison between the salt stress and control transcriptomic data revealed that the expression of AcShaker11 and AcShaker18 genes was significantly different and lower under salt stress, indicating that both genes could be involved in salt stress resistance in kiwifruit.
The results showed that 28 AcShaker genes were identified and all expressed under low K stress, among which AcShaker22 was differentially and significantly upregulated. The AcShaker22 gene can be used as a candidate gene to cultivate new varieties of kiwifruit resistant to low K and provide a reference for exploring more properties and functions of the AcShaker genes.
“红阳”猕猴桃（Actinidia chinensis cv 'Hongyang'）是一种优质的中华猕猴桃品种，具有高产、早熟和高抗逆性的优点。研究证实，Shaker K 基因家族参与植物对钾（K）的吸收和分布。
从“红阳”猕猴桃（A. chinensis cv 'Hongyang'）基因组中鉴定和分析了 28 个 Shaker 基因。亚细胞定位结果表明，超过三分之一的 AcShaker 基因位于细胞膜上。系统发育分析表明，AcShaker 基因分为六个亚家族（I-VI）。保守性模型、基因结构和结构域分析表明，同一亚家族的 AcShaker 基因具有相似的序列特征和结构。AcShaker 基因启动子顺式元件分为激素相关顺式元件和环境胁迫相关顺式元件。染色体定位和重复基因分析结果表明，AcShaker 基因分布在 18 条染色体上，片段重复是 AcShaker 家族基因重复的主要模式。GO 富集分析表明，AcShaker 家族的离子传导途径在调节植物生长发育和逆境胁迫中起着关键作用。与对照组的转录组数据相比，所有 AcShaker 基因在低钾胁迫下均有表达，其中 3 个基因（AcShaker15、AcShaker17 和 AcShaker22）的表达差异极显著。qRT-PCR 结果与转录组数据高度相关，表明这三个差异表达基因可以调节猕猴桃植物的低钾胁迫，减轻 K 对植物的损伤，从而提高其对低钾胁迫的抗性。盐胁迫与对照转录组数据的比较表明，AcShaker11 和 AcShaker18 基因在盐胁迫下的表达差异显著降低，表明这两个基因可能参与猕猴桃的耐盐性。
结果表明，鉴定出 28 个 AcShaker 基因，它们在低钾胁迫下均有表达，其中 AcShaker22 差异显著上调。AcShaker22 基因可作为培育耐低钾猕猴桃新品种的候选基因，为进一步探索 AcShaker 基因的更多特性和功能提供参考。
