Barkhordari Amir, Malmir Behnam, Malakoutikhah Mahdi
School of Health, Safety and Environment, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Saf Health Work. 2019 Jun;10(2):205-212. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2019.01.002. Epub 2019 Jan 21.
Workforce health is one of the primary and most challenging issues, particularly in industrialized countries. This article aims at modeling the major factors affecting accidents in the workplace, including general health, work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and internal and external locus of control.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company in Iran. A total of 450 participants were divided into two groups-control and case-and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Data were collected through a 7-part questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos software.
All the studied variables had a significant relationship with the accident proneness. In the case group, general health with a coefficient of -0.37, work-family conflict with 0.10, effort-reward imbalance with 0.10, internal locus of control with -0.07, and external locus of control with 0.40 had a direct effect on occupational stress. Occupational stress also had a positive direct effect on accident proneness with a coefficient of 0.47. In addition, fitness indices of control group showed general health (-0.35), work-family conflict (0.36), effort-reward imbalance (0.13), internal locus of control (-0.15), and external locus of control (0.12) have a direct effect on occupational stress. Besides, occupational stress with a coefficient of 0.09 had a direct effect on accident proneness.
It can be concluded that although previous studies and the present study showed the effect of stress on accident and accident proneness, some hidden and external factors such as work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and external locus of control that affect stress should also be considered. It helps industries face less occupational stress and, consequently, less occurrence rates of accidents.
劳动力健康是主要且最具挑战性的问题之一，尤其是在工业化国家。本文旨在对影响工作场所事故的主要因素进行建模，包括总体健康、工作与家庭冲突、努力与回报失衡以及内控和外控源。
在伊朗伊斯法罕钢铁公司进行了一项横断面研究。总共450名参与者被分为两组——对照组和病例组，并在他们之间分发了问卷。通过一份7部分的问卷收集数据。最后，使用SPSS 22.0和Amos软件对结果进行分析。
所有研究变量与事故倾向均有显著关系。在病例组中，总体健康系数为-0.37、工作与家庭冲突为0.10、努力与回报失衡为0.10、内控源为-0.07以及外控源为0.40对职业压力有直接影响。职业压力对事故倾向也有正向直接影响，系数为0.47。此外，对照组的健康指标显示总体健康（-0.35）、工作与家庭冲突（0.36）、努力与回报失衡（0.13）、内控源（-0.15）以及外控源（0.12）对职业压力有直接影响。此外，系数为0.09的职业压力对事故倾向有直接影响。
可以得出结论，尽管先前的研究和本研究都表明了压力对事故及事故倾向的影响，但一些影响压力的隐藏和外部因素，如工作与家庭冲突、努力与回报失衡以及外控源也应予以考虑。这有助于企业面临更少的职业压力，从而降低事故发生率。
