Bahadır Sibel, Abdulla Mohamed Farah, Mostafa Karam, Kavas Musa, Hacıkamiloğlu Safa, Kurt Orhan, Yıldırım Kubilay
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
The Central Laboratory for Date Palm Research and Development, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt.
Plant Genome. 2024 Dec;17(4):e20506. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.20506. Epub 2024 Sep 10.
Plants produce numerous fatty acid derivatives, and some of these compounds have significant regulatory functions, such as governing effector-induced resistance, systemic resistance, and other defense pathways. This study systematically identified and characterized eight FAT genes (Acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases), four in the Solanum lycopersicum and four in the Solanum tuberosum genome. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into four distinct groups, exhibiting conserved domain structures across different plant species. Promoter analysis revealed various cis-acting elements, most of which are associated with stress responsiveness and growth and development. Micro-RNA (miRNA) analysis identified specific miRNAs, notably miRNA166, targeting different FAT genes in both species. Utilizing clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9)-mediated knockout, mutant lines for SlFATB1 and SlFATB3 were successfully generated and exhibited diverse mutation types. Biochemical evaluation of selected mutant lines revealed significant changes in fatty acid composition, with linoleic and linolenic acid content variations. The study also explored the impact of FAT gene knockout on tomato leaf architecture through scanning electron microscopy, providing insights into potential morphological alterations. Knocking out of FAT genes resulted in a significant reduction in both trichome and stoma density. These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of FAT genes in Solanaceous species, encompassing genetic, functional, and phenotypic aspects.
植物会产生大量脂肪酸衍生物，其中一些化合物具有重要的调节功能，比如调控效应物诱导抗性、系统抗性及其他防御途径。本研究系统鉴定并表征了8个FAT基因（酰基-酰基载体蛋白硫酯酶），其中4个来自番茄基因组，4个来自马铃薯基因组。系统发育分析将这些基因分为4个不同的组，在不同植物物种中呈现出保守的结构域结构。启动子分析揭示了各种顺式作用元件，其中大多数与胁迫响应以及生长发育相关。微小RNA（miRNA）分析鉴定出了特定的miRNA，尤其是miRNA166，其靶向这两个物种中的不同FAT基因。利用成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列/CRISPR相关蛋白9（CRISPR/Cas9）介导的基因敲除，成功构建了SlFATB1和SlFATB3的突变体株系，并表现出多种突变类型。对选定突变体株系的生化评估显示脂肪酸组成发生了显著变化，亚油酸和亚麻酸含量有所不同。该研究还通过扫描电子显微镜探索了FAT基因敲除对番茄叶片结构的影响，为潜在的形态变化提供了见解。FAT基因的敲除导致毛状体和气孔密度显著降低。这些发现有助于全面了解茄科物种中的FAT基因，涵盖遗传、功能和表型等方面。
