State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 9;22(8):3877. doi: 10.3390/ijms22083877.
Soybean () oil is one of the most widely used vegetable oils across the world. Breeding of soybean to reduce the saturated fatty acid (FA) content, which is linked to cardiovascular disease, would be of great significance for nutritional improvement. Acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterases (FATs) can release free FAs and acyl-ACP, which ultimately affects the FA profile. In this study, we identified a pair of soybean FATB coding genes, and . Mutants that knock out either or both of the genes were obtained via CRISPR/Cas9. Single mutants, and , showed a decrease in leaf palmitic and stearic acid contents, ranging from 11% to 21%. The double mutant, , had a 42% and 35% decrease in palmitic and stearic acid content, displayed growth defects, and were male sterility. Analysis of the seed oil profile revealed that and had significant lower palmitic and stearic acid contents, 39-53% and 17-37%, respectively, while that of the unsaturated FAs were the same. The relative content of the beneficial FA, linoleic acid, was increased by 1.3-3.6%. The oil profile changes in these mutants were confirmed for four generations. Overall, our data illustrate that knockout mutants have great potential in improving the soybean oil quality for human health.
大豆油是世界上应用最广泛的植物油之一。培育大豆以降低与心血管疾病相关的饱和脂肪酸 (FA) 含量将对营养改善具有重要意义。酰基辅酶 A-酰基载体蛋白硫酯酶 (FATs) 可以释放游离 FA 和酰基辅酶 A-ACP，最终影响 FA 谱。在这项研究中，我们鉴定了一对大豆 FATB 编码基因， 和 。通过 CRISPR/Cas9 获得了敲除 或 或两者的突变体。单突变体 和 ，叶片棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量分别降低了 11%至 21%。双突变体 ，棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量分别降低了 42%和 35%，表现出生长缺陷和雄性不育。对种子油谱的分析表明， 和 的棕榈酸和硬脂酸含量显著降低，分别为 39-53%和 17-37%，而不饱和 FAs 的含量相同。有益 FA，亚油酸的相对含量增加了 1.3-3.6%。这些突变体的油谱变化在四个世代中得到了证实。总的来说，我们的数据表明， 敲除突变体在改善人类健康的大豆油质量方面具有巨大潜力。
