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错配修复缺陷/微卫星高度不稳定型局部晚期和可切除转移性结直肠癌患者的新辅助免疫治疗。

Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Alone for Patients With Locally Advanced and Resectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer of dMMR/MSI-H Status.

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Unit III, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.

Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Ministry of Education, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.

出版信息

Dis Colon Rectum. 2024 Nov 1;67(11):1413-1422. doi: 10.1097/DCR.0000000000003290. Epub 2024 Sep 11.


DOI:10.1097/DCR.0000000000003290
PMID:39260435
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The use of programmed death-1 blockade has a significant therapeutic effect in patients with mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer. However, data on preoperative single-agent programmed death-1 blockade are rare. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of preoperative programmed death-1 blockade as a conversion strategy in patients with locally advanced and resectable metastatic mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer. DESIGN: This is a retrospective observational study. SETTINGS: This study was conducted at a high-volume tertiary referral cancer center in China. PATIENTS: Twenty-four patients of consecutive cases since 2020 to 2022 with mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer who received preoperative single-agent programmed death-1 blockade were retrospectively reviewed. These patients had either bulking tumors scheduled for multivisceral resection, a strong desire for organ preservation, or potentially resectable metastatic lesions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pathological complete response, clinical complete response, toxicity, R0 resection rate, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Patients tolerated preoperative immunotherapy well. The R0 resection rate was 95.2%, and the pathological complete response rate was 47.6%. Three patients (12.5%) were evaluated as having a clinical complete response and then underwent "watch and wait." One-half of the patients with cT4b were spared multivisceral resection, whereas 60% (3/5) achieved pathological complete response. All 3 patients with liver metastases obtained complete response of all liver lesions after programmed death-1 blockade treatment. Grade III postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients. LIMITATIONS: The limitations of this study are as follows: retrospective study, small sample size, and short follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative anti-programmed death-1 therapy alone as a conversion strategy in initially resected difficult mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer can achieve a high tumor complete response. The use of immunopreoperative therapy in patients with T4b colon cancer or low rectal cancer can reduce multivisceral resection and achieve high organ function preservation. See the Video Abstract . INMUNOTERAPIA NEOADYUVANTE SOLA PARA PACIENTES CON CNCER COLORRECTAL LOCALMENTE AVANZADO Y METASTSICO RESECABLE CON ESTADO DMMR/MSIH: ANTECEDENTES:El uso del bloqueo de muerte programada-1 tiene un efecto terapéutico significativo en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal metastásico deficiente en reparación de desajustes/inestabilidad de microsatélites-alta (dMMR/MSI-H). Sin embargo, los datos sobre el bloqueo preoperatorio de muerte programada-1 con un solo agente son escasos.OBJETIVO:Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia y seguridad del bloqueo preoperatorio de muerte programada-1 como estrategia de conversión en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal localmente avanzado y metastásico resecable con dMMR/MSI-H.DISEÑO:Este es un estudio observacional retrospectivo.ESCENARIO:Este estudio se realizó en un centro oncológico terciario de referencia de gran volumen en China.PACIENTES:Se revisaron retrospectivamente veinticuatro pacientes de casos consecutivos desde 2020-2022 con cáncer colorrectal y dMMR/MSI-H que recibieron bloqueo preoperatorio de muerte programada-1 con un solo agente. Estos pacientes tenían un tumor voluminoso programado para resección multivisceral, un fuerte deseo de preservación del órgano o lesiones metastásicas potencialmente resecables.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se evaluaron la respuesta patológica completa, la respuesta clínica completa, la toxicidad, la tasa de resección R0 y las complicaciones.RESULTADOS:Los pacientes toleraron bien la inmunoterapia preoperatoria. La tasa de resección R0 fue del 95,2% y la tasa de respuesta patológica completa fue del 47,6%. Tres pacientes (12,5%) fueron evaluados como respuesta clínica completa y luego sometidos a "observar y esperar". La mitad de los pacientes cT4b se salvaron de la resección multivisceral, mientras que el 60% (3/5) lograron una respuesta patológica completa. Los tres pacientes con metástasis hepáticas obtuvieron respuesta completa de todas las lesiones hepáticas después del tratamiento de bloqueo de muerte programada-1. En dos pacientes se produjeron complicaciones postoperatorias de grado III.LIMITACIONES:Las limitaciones de este estudio son las siguientes: estudio retrospectivo, tamaño de muestra pequeño y seguimiento corto.CONCLUSIONES:La terapia preoperatoria anti muerte programada-1 sola como estrategia de conversión en el cáncer colorrectal inicialmente difícil de resecar con dMMR/MSI-H puede lograr una alta respuesta completa tumoral. El uso de terapia inmunopreoperatoria en pacientes con cáncer de colon T4b o cáncer de recto bajo puede reducir la resección multivisceral y lograr una alta preservación de la función del órgano. (Traducción-Dr. Felipe Bellolio ).

摘要

背景:程序性死亡-1 阻断在错配修复缺陷/微卫星不稳定高转移性结直肠癌患者中具有显著的治疗效果。然而,关于术前单药程序性死亡-1 阻断的数据很少。 目的:本研究旨在评估术前程序性死亡-1 阻断作为错配修复缺陷/微卫星不稳定高结直肠癌局部晚期和可切除转移性患者的转化策略的有效性和安全性。 设计:这是一项回顾性观察研究。 地点:本研究在一家中国高容量的三级转诊癌症中心进行。 患者:2020 年至 2022 年期间,24 例错配修复缺陷/微卫星不稳定高结直肠癌患者接受了术前单药程序性死亡-1 阻断治疗,这些患者要么计划进行多脏器切除术的肿块较大,要么强烈希望保留器官,要么可能有可切除的转移性病灶。 主要观察指标:病理完全缓解、临床完全缓解、毒性、R0 切除率和并发症。 结果:患者对术前免疫治疗耐受良好。R0 切除率为 95.2%,病理完全缓解率为 47.6%。3 名(12.5%)患者评估为临床完全缓解,然后进行“观察和等待”。一半的 cT4b 患者免于多脏器切除术,而 60%(3/5)获得病理完全缓解。所有 3 名肝转移患者在程序性死亡-1 阻断治疗后均获得所有肝转移灶的完全缓解。2 名患者发生 3 级术后并发症。 局限性:本研究的局限性如下:回顾性研究、样本量小、随访时间短。 结论:术前抗程序性死亡-1 治疗单独作为最初难以切除的错配修复缺陷/微卫星不稳定高结直肠癌的转化策略,可以实现高肿瘤完全缓解。在 T4b 结肠癌或低位直肠癌患者中使用免疫术前治疗可以减少多脏器切除术并实现高器官功能保留。请观看视频摘要。

相似文献

[1]
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy Alone for Patients With Locally Advanced and Resectable Metastatic Colorectal Cancer of dMMR/MSI-H Status.

Dis Colon Rectum. 2024-11-1

[2]
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[3]
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[6]
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[10]
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引用本文的文献

[1]
Short-term surgical outcomes following neoadjuvant immunotherapy in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer: initial experience from a tertiary referral center.

Ann Coloproctol. 2025-8

[2]
Noninvasive prediction of microsatellite instability in stage II/III rectal cancer using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging radiomics.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2025-8-15

[3]
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy for nonmetastatic dMMR/MSI colon cancer: a real-world retrospective AGEO study.

ESMO Open. 2025-7-31

[4]
The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemo(radio)therapy combined with surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer harboring defective mismatch repair system: a large-scale multicenter propensity score analysis.

Front Immunol. 2025-7-7

[5]
Development of a cancer-specific survival assessment for lymph node-positive colorectal cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy.

Front Surg. 2025-5-12

[6]
The neoadjuvant immunotherapy for non-metastatic mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancer: a systematic review.

Front Immunol. 2025-5-1

[7]
The current status of care for families with Lynch syndrome in China.

Fam Cancer. 2025-3-20

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