炎症性肠病中微生物组与宿主相互作用的综合观点。

An integrative view of microbiome-host interactions in inflammatory bowel diseases.

作者信息

Wlodarska Marta, Kostic Aleksandar D, Xavier Ramnik J

机构信息

The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Developmental and Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

出版信息

Cell Host Microbe. 2015 May 13;17(5):577-91. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.008.

DOI:10.1016/j.chom.2015.04.008

PMID:25974300

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4498258/

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota, which is composed of bacteria, viruses, and micro-eukaryotes, acts as an accessory organ system with distinct functions along the intestinal tract that are critical for health. This review focuses on how the microbiota drives intestinal disease through alterations in microbial community architecture, disruption of the mucosal barrier, modulation of innate and adaptive immunity, and dysfunction of the enteric nervous system. Inflammatory bowel disease is used as a model system to understand these microbial-driven pathologies, but the knowledge gained in this space is extended to less-well-studied intestinal diseases that may also have an important microbial component, including environmental enteropathy and chronic colitis-associated colorectal cancer.

摘要

肠道微生物群由细菌、病毒和微真核生物组成，作为一个辅助器官系统，在肠道中具有不同的功能，对健康至关重要。本综述重点关注微生物群如何通过微生物群落结构的改变、黏膜屏障的破坏、固有免疫和适应性免疫的调节以及肠神经系统功能障碍来引发肠道疾病。炎症性肠病被用作一个模型系统来理解这些由微生物驱动的病理过程，但在这一领域获得的知识也扩展到了研究较少的肠道疾病，这些疾病可能也有重要的微生物成分，包括环境肠道病和慢性结肠炎相关的结直肠癌。