Elshahawy Ibrahim, Saied Nehal, Abd-El-Kareem Farid, Abd-Elgawad Mahfouz
Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 23;10(17):e36795. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36795. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
An effective method for maintaining the activity and longevity of microorganisms in adverse conditions is microencapsulation. In the present study, synthetic alginate pellets were developed as carriers for the biocontrol agent . In two field experiments, solarization was applied for three weeks to loamy clay soil that was naturally infested with strawberry-black root rot fungi (, and ). Following solarization, -based alginate pellets or spore suspension were added to the soil. Data reveal that, three weeks solarization of irrigated soil increased its maximum temperature reached by 11-14.2 °C (1-10 cm depth), 11.6-13.1 °C (11-20 cm depth) and 10.1-12.2 °C (21-30 cm depth). In either trial, solarization also successfully lowers the vitality of strawberry-black root rot fungi directly after the solarization phase. When compared to controls, strawberry-black root rot was substantially less common in solarized plots. In two field trials, soil solarization followed by inoculation with alginate pellets based on led to the greatest reductions in black root rot incidence (59.3 and 74.1 %) and severity (72.5 and 75.2 %), as compared to un-solarized control plots. studies, this treatment dramatically increased the activity of defensive enzymes (peroxidase and chitinase) and strawberry yield (60.5 and 60.0 %, respectively), as compared to non-solarized control plots. In two field studies, the rhizosphere population of native spp. Developed more in solarized soils after the application of alginate pellets based on (86.5 and 83.6 %, respectively), compared to the non-solarized control.
微囊化是在不利条件下维持微生物活性和寿命的一种有效方法。在本研究中，合成藻酸盐颗粒被开发为生物防治剂的载体。在两项田间试验中，对天然感染草莓黑根腐病真菌（、和）的壤质粘土进行了为期三周的土壤太阳能消毒处理。太阳能消毒处理后，将基于的藻酸盐颗粒或孢子悬浮液添加到土壤中。数据显示，灌溉土壤进行三周的太阳能消毒处理后，其最高温度在1 - 10厘米深度处升高了11 - 14.2℃，在11 - 20厘米深度处升高了11.6 - 13.1℃，在21 - 30厘米深度处升高了10.1 - 12.2℃。在任何一项试验中，太阳能消毒处理在消毒阶段结束后也成功降低了草莓黑根腐病真菌的活力。与对照相比，太阳能消毒处理的地块中草莓黑根腐病的发生率明显更低。在两项田间试验中，与未进行太阳能消毒处理的对照地块相比，土壤经太阳能消毒处理后接种基于的藻酸盐颗粒，黑根腐病的发病率（分别为59.3%和74.1%）和病情严重程度（分别为72.5%和75.2%）降低幅度最大。在研究中，与未进行太阳能消毒处理的对照地块相比，这种处理显著提高了防御酶（过氧化物酶和几丁质酶）的活性以及草莓产量（分别提高了60.5%和60.0%）。在两项田间研究中，与未进行太阳能消毒处理的对照相比，施用基于的藻酸盐颗粒后，太阳能消毒处理的土壤中本地 spp. 的根际种群数量增长更多（分别为86.5%和83.6%）。
