Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Stem-Fiber Biomass and Engineering Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Institute of Chinese Medicine Resources, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
PeerJ. 2024 Sep 9;12:e17965. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17965. eCollection 2024.
L., sometimes known as "sour orange," is an important Chinese herb with young, immature fruits, or "zhishi," that are high in synephrine. Synephrine is a commonly utilized natural chemical with promising applications in effectively increasing metabolism, heat expenditure, energy level, oxidative fat, and weight loss. However, little is known about the genes and pathways involved in synephrine production during the critical developmental stages of L., which limits the development of the industry. According to this study, the concentration of synephrine gradually decreased as the fruit developed. Transcriptome sequencing was used to examine the DEGs associated with synephrine connections and served as the foundation for creating synephrine-rich L. Comparisons conducted between different developmental stages to obtain DEGs, and the number of DEGs varied from 690 to 3,019. Tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, phenylalanine, and tyrosine metabolism were the main KEGG pathways that were substantially enriched. The results showed that 25 genes among these KEGG pathways may be related to synephrine synthesis. The WGCNA and one-way ANOVA analysis adoption variance across the groups suggested that 11 genes might play a crucial role in synephrine synthesis and should therefore be further analyzed. We also selected six DEGs at random and analyzed their expression levels by RT-qPCR, and high repeatability and reliability were demonstrated by our finished RNA-seq study results. These results may be useful in selecting or modifying genes to increase the quantity of synephrine in sour oranges.
枳，有时也被称为“酸橙”，是一种重要的中国草药，其幼果或“枳实”中含有丰富的辛弗林。辛弗林是一种常用的天然化学物质，具有有效提高新陈代谢、热量消耗、能量水平、氧化脂肪和减肥的应用前景。然而，对于枳在关键发育阶段中辛弗林产生的相关基因和途径知之甚少，这限制了该产业的发展。根据这项研究，随着果实的发育，辛弗林的浓度逐渐降低。转录组测序被用来研究与辛弗林连接相关的差异表达基因（DEGs），并为创造富含辛弗林的枳提供了基础。通过比较不同发育阶段获得 DEGs，DEGs 的数量从 690 到 3019 个不等。酪氨酸和色氨酸生物合成、糖酵解/糖异生、戊糖磷酸途径、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸代谢是主要的 KEGG 途径，这些途径显著富集。结果表明，这些 KEGG 途径中的 25 个基因可能与辛弗林合成有关。WGCNA 和单向方差分析（ANOVA）对各组之间的方差进行了分析，表明 11 个基因可能与辛弗林合成有关，因此应该进一步分析。我们还随机选择了六个 DEGs，并通过 RT-qPCR 分析了它们的表达水平，结果表明我们的 RNA-seq 研究结果具有很高的重复性和可靠性。这些结果可能有助于选择或修饰基因，以增加酸橙中的辛弗林含量。
