Foysal Mohammad, Imam Tasneem, Das Shetu B, Gibson Justine S, Mahmud Rashed, Gupta Suman D, Fournié Guillaume, Hoque Md Ahasanul, Henning Joerg
Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD, Australia.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Aug 29;11:1435111. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1435111. eCollection 2024.
Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a significant health problem worldwide, including in Bangladesh, where chickens are an important protein source for human nutrition. One of the factors accelerating the development of antimicrobial resistance is the inappropriate use of antimicrobials on commercial chicken farms. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 140 commercial chicken farms in the Chattogram district of Bangladesh to investigate the association between antimicrobial use and resistance in and spp. cultured from cloacal swabs of chickens and from the poultry shed environment. All and spp. isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobial classes, including those categorized as "Highest Priority Critically Important Antimicrobials" for human medicine. Notably, resistance was observed in isolates from farms that did not use these antimicrobial classes in the current production cycle. For example, although quinolones were not used on 43.9% of positive farms, 95.7% of these farms had quinolone-resistant isolates. The results of the path analysis revealed that there was a "direct effect" of the frequency of antimicrobial usage on "high" resistance, with resistance increasing when antimicrobials were administered more frequently ( = 0.28, = 0.002). There was a "direct effect" of the purpose of antimicrobial use on "low" resistance, with resistance marginally decreasing when antimicrobials were administered solely for therapeutic use ( = -0.17, = 0.062), but increasing when they were used prophylactically. Overall, the study results could be used to educate farmers on better practices for antimicrobial administration, and to guide government agencies to update policies on antimicrobial use and resistance surveillance in the poultry sector of Bangladesh.
抗菌药物耐药性已成为全球一个重大的健康问题，在孟加拉国也是如此，该国鸡肉是人类营养的重要蛋白质来源。加速抗菌药物耐药性发展的因素之一是商业养鸡场对抗菌药物的不当使用。2019年在孟加拉国吉大港区的140个商业养鸡场进行了一项横断面研究，以调查从鸡泄殖腔拭子和家禽饲养棚环境中培养的大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌属中抗菌药物使用与耐药性之间的关联。所有大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌属分离株均对多种抗菌药物类别耐药，包括那些被归类为人类医学“最高优先级至关重要抗菌药物”的类别。值得注意的是，在当前生产周期未使用这些抗菌药物类别的农场分离株中也观察到了耐药性。例如，尽管43.9%的大肠杆菌阳性农场未使用喹诺酮类药物，但这些农场中95.7%的分离株对喹诺酮类药物耐药。路径分析结果显示，抗菌药物使用频率对“高”耐药性有“直接影响”，当更频繁使用抗菌药物时耐药性增加（β = 0.28，P = 0.002）。抗菌药物使用目的对“低”耐药性有“直接影响”，当仅用于治疗用途时耐药性略有下降（β = -0.17，P = 0.062），但预防性使用时耐药性增加。总体而言，研究结果可用于教育农民关于抗菌药物给药的更好做法，并指导政府机构更新孟加拉国家禽部门抗菌药物使用和耐药性监测政策。
