Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Lodi, 26900, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, 20100, Italy.
Vet Res Commun. 2024 Dec;48(6):3773-3791. doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10539-1. Epub 2024 Sep 13.
This study aimed to evaluate the dietary administration of a blend composed of carvacrol, tannic acid derived from Castanea sativa mill and Glycyrrhiza glabra, medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) glycerides for weanling piglets. An in vitro digestion followed by total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAC) assessment was performed before the in vivo application. At weaning, a total of 210 piglets were randomly allocated to two experimental treatments (7 replicates/15 piglets for each replicate). Control group (CTR) was fed a standard basal diet while the treated group (T) was fed the basal diet mixed with 1.500 mg/kg of blend. After in vitro digestion, TPC and TAC evidenced peaks at the end of oral and gastric phases in comparison to the intestinal one in line with the high content of phenolic compound (P < 0.05). Treatment conditioned body weight and average daily gain (P < 0.05), fecal score on 6, 7, and 8 d after weaning (P < 0.05). At 35d, the T group showed a decrease in salivary cortisol compared to CTR (P < 0.05). Duodenum and jejunum sections of T piglets revealed higher villi (P < 0.05), deeper crypts (P < 0.01), and increased V/C ratio (P < 0.01). CTR showed a higher expression of duodenal Occludin (P < 0.05). Jejunal E-cadherin and Occludin were more expressed in T jejunum sections (P < 0.05). Twelve differentially abundant genera were identified in T group caecal samples. Potentially harmful Clostridium sensu stricto 13 was reduced by the treatment (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the tested blend positively affected salivary stress markers and the gut health of weaned piglets.
本研究旨在评估由香芹酚、栗木单宁酸和甘草酸组成的混合物经饲料投予对断奶仔猪的影响。在体内应用前,先进行体外消化,并评估总酚含量(TPC)和总抗氧化活性(TAC)。在断奶时,将总共 210 头仔猪随机分配到两个实验组(每组 7 个重复,每个重复 15 头猪)。对照组(CTR)饲喂基础日粮,而处理组(T)则在基础日粮中混入 1500mg/kg 的混合物。与肠内相比较,体外消化后,TPC 和 TAC 在口腔和胃相结束时出现峰值,与酚类化合物含量高一致(P<0.05)。处理条件下的体重和平均日增重(P<0.05)、断奶后第 6、7 和 8 天的粪便评分(P<0.05)。在 35 天时,T 组的唾液皮质醇水平较对照组降低(P<0.05)。T 组仔猪的十二指肠和空肠切片显示绒毛更高(P<0.05)、隐窝更深(P<0.01),并且 V/C 比值增加(P<0.01)。对照组的十二指肠 Occludin 表达更高(P<0.05)。T 组空肠切片的 E-钙黏蛋白和 Occludin 表达更高(P<0.05)。在 T 组的盲肠样本中鉴定出 12 个差异丰度的属。处理降低了潜在有害的严格梭菌 13(P<0.05)。综上所述,该混合物可改善断奶仔猪的唾液应激标志物和肠道健康。