Department of Nematology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Lawley Road, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Directorate of Natural Resource Management, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Lawley Road, Coimbatore, 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Toxicon. 2024 Nov 6;250:108101. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.108101. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
Attempts were made to evaluate the purified bioactive compounds of Xenorhabdus nematophila against Meloidogyne incognita. In order to extract the purified compounds, a solid-supported liquid-liquid extraction system with a flow rate (1 mL/min) was used to purify bioactive molecules. Compounds were individually collected concentrated and evaluated against M. incognita. Among 25 fractions the L19 fraction, exhibited 98% inhibition in egg hatching and mortality of juveniles. The biomolecules were identified through Liquid Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) technique. To decipher the mode of action of compounds, molecular docking studies were performed with potential protein targets such as acetylcholinesterase, β-1,4-endoglucanase, glutathione S-transferase-1, cytochrome c oxidase, G-protein coupled receptor and Fatty acid and retinol-binding proteins of M. incognita. The results revealed that among eight compounds from the L19 fraction, malonate and pidopidon exhibited greater binding affinity towards the selected protein targets of M. incognita. In vitro studies with malonate and pidopidon against M. incognita showcased a 99% reduction in egg hatching and juvenile mortality. Moreover, greenhouse experiments revealed that malonate compounds not only reduced 94% of the M. incognita population but also enhanced the plant growth parameters in tomato by 60%. Hence the present study stands novel in exploiting the nematicidal compounds from X. nematophila giving limelight to explore pidopidon and malonate as novel nematicidal compounds for the management of M. incognita.
试图评估嗜线虫致病杆菌（Xenorhabdus nematophila）的纯化生物活性化合物对南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）的作用。为了提取纯化的化合物，采用流速为 1ml/min 的固载液-液萃取系统来纯化生物活性分子。将化合物单独收集浓缩并评价其对南方根结线虫的活性。在 25 个馏分中，L19 馏分对卵孵化和幼虫死亡率的抑制率达到 98%。通过液相色谱-质谱联用（LC-MS）技术对生物分子进行鉴定。为了解化合物的作用模式，对乙酰胆碱酯酶、β-1,4-内切葡聚糖酶、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶-1、细胞色素 c 氧化酶、G 蛋白偶联受体和脂肪酸及视黄醇结合蛋白等潜在蛋白靶标进行了分子对接研究。结果表明，在 L19 馏分的 8 种化合物中，丙二酸盐和 pidopidon 对南方根结线虫的选定蛋白靶标表现出更大的结合亲和力。丙二酸盐和 pidopidon 对南方根结线虫的体外研究表明，卵孵化和幼虫死亡率降低了 99%。此外，温室实验表明，丙二酸盐化合物不仅降低了 94%的南方根结线虫种群，还使番茄的植物生长参数提高了 60%。因此，本研究从嗜线虫致病杆菌中开发出杀线虫化合物，为探索 pidopidon 和丙二酸盐作为防治南方根结线虫的新型杀线虫化合物提供了新的思路。
