College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Aug 26;25(17):9248. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179248.
Although the petals of are rich in flavonoids and their bioactivity has a significant impact on human health, the flavonoid content decreases during flower development. In this study, 'Feng hua' was used to investigate the effects of the melatonin foliar spray on enhancing the quality of rose by focusing on major flavonoids. The results showed that the contents of total flavonoids in rose petals at the full bloom stage induced by melatonin obeyed a bell-shaped curve, with a maximum at 0.3 mM, indicating the concentration-dependent up-regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis. In the treatment with 0.3 mM melatonin, metabolomic analyses showed that the concentrations of ten main flavonoids were identified to be increased by melatonin induction, with high levels and increases observed in three flavonols and two anthocyanins. KEGG enrichment of transcriptomic analysis revealed a remarkable enrichment of DEGs in flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis, such as , , and . Furthermore, functional validation using virus-induced gene silencing technology demonstrated that is the crucial gene regulating flavonoid biosynthesis in response to the stimulant of melatonin. This study provides insights into the exogenous melatonin regulation mechanism of biosynthesis of flavonoids, thereby offering potential industrial applications.
虽然 的花瓣富含类黄酮，其生物活性对人类健康有重大影响，但类黄酮含量在花发育过程中会下降。本研究以‘凤华’玫瑰为试材，通过叶面喷施外源褪黑素，聚焦主要类黄酮物质，探讨外源褪黑素对提高玫瑰品质的影响。结果表明，褪黑素诱导的盛花期玫瑰花瓣总类黄酮含量呈钟形曲线变化，在 0.3 mM 时达到最大值，表明类黄酮生物合成呈浓度依赖性上调。在 0.3 mM 褪黑素处理下，通过代谢组学分析鉴定出 10 种主要类黄酮的浓度增加，其中 3 种黄酮醇和 2 种花色苷的含量较高且增加。转录组学分析的 KEGG 富集揭示了 DEGs 在类黄酮和类黄酮醇生物合成中显著富集，如 、 、和 。此外，利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术进行功能验证表明， 是调控褪黑素刺激下黄酮类生物合成的关键基因。本研究为外源褪黑素调控黄酮类生物合成的机制提供了新的见解，为其工业应用提供了潜在价值。
