School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
School of Health Sciences, Saint Francis University, Hong Kong 999077, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 3;25(17):9556. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179556.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) has attracted more attention since the outbreak of the epidemic in 2019. Advanced nano techniques, such as electrospinning, can provide new routes for developing novel PPE. However, electrospun antibacterial PPE is not easily obtained. Fibers loaded with photosensitizers prepared using single-fluid electrospinning have a relatively low utilization rate due to the influence of embedding and their inadequate mechanical properties. For this study, monolithic nanofibers and core-shell nanofibers were prepared and compared. Monolithic F1 fibers comprising polyethylene oxide (PEO), poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (PVA-co-PE), and the photo-antibacterial agent vitamin K3 (VK3) were created using a single-fluid blending process. Core-shell F2 nanofibers were prepared using coaxial electrospinning, in which the extensible material PEO was set as the core section, and a composite consisting of PEO, PVA-co-PE, and VK3 was set as the shell section. Both F1 and F2 fibers with the designed structural properties had an average diameter of approximately 1.0 μm, as determined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. VK3 was amorphously dispersed within the polymeric matrices of F1 and F2 fibers in a compatible manner, as revealed using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Monolithic F1 fibers had a higher tensile strength of 2.917 ± 0.091 MPa, whereas the core-shell F2 fibers had a longer elongation with a break rate of 194.567 ± 0.091%. Photoreaction tests showed that, with their adjustment, core-shell F2 nanofibers could produce 0.222 μmol/L ·OH upon illumination. F2 fibers had slightly better antibacterial performance than F1 fibers, with inhibition zones of 1.361 ± 0.012 cm and 1.296 ± 0.022 cm for and , respectively, but with less VK3. The intentional tailoring of the components and compositions of the core-shell nanostructures can improve the process-structure-performance relationship of electrospun nanofibers for potential sunlight-activated antibacterial PPE.
自 2019 年疫情爆发以来，个人防护设备 (PPE) 受到了更多关注。先进的纳米技术，如静电纺丝，可以为开发新型 PPE 提供新途径。然而，抗菌电纺 PPE 并不容易获得。使用单流体静电纺丝制备的负载光敏剂的纤维由于嵌入的影响及其机械性能不足，利用率相对较低。在这项研究中，制备了整体纳米纤维和核壳纳米纤维并进行了比较。使用单流体共混工艺制备了包含聚环氧乙烷 (PEO)、聚乙烯醇-共-乙烯 (PVA-co-PE) 和光抗菌剂维生素 K3 (VK3) 的整体 F1 纤维。使用同轴静电纺丝制备了核壳 F2 纳米纤维，其中可拉伸材料 PEO 被设置为芯层，而由 PEO、PVA-co-PE 和 VK3 组成的复合材料被设置为壳层。通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜确定，具有设计结构性能的 F1 和 F2 纤维的平均直径约为 1.0 μm。X 射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱表明，VK3 以相容的方式无定形分散在 F1 和 F2 纤维的聚合物基质中。整体 F1 纤维具有更高的拉伸强度 2.917 ± 0.091 MPa，而核壳 F2 纤维具有更长的伸长率，断裂率为 194.567 ± 0.091%。光反应测试表明，通过调整，核壳 F2 纳米纤维在光照下可产生 0.222 μmol/L·OH。F2 纤维的抗菌性能略优于 F1 纤维，对 和 的抑菌圈分别为 1.361 ± 0.012 cm 和 1.296 ± 0.022 cm，但 VK3 含量较少。有意调整核壳纳米结构的成分和组成可以改善静电纺纳米纤维的工艺-结构-性能关系，从而为潜在的阳光激活抗菌 PPE 提供帮助。
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