Liu Qingsong, Lan Zhaoqing, Guo Wei, Deng Jun, Peng Xiang, Chi Minghe, Li Shunbo
Electric Power Research Institute, CSG EHV Power Transmission Company, Guangzhou 510663, China.
Joint Laboratory of DC Power Transmission Equipment and Submarine Cable Safe Operation, CSG EHV Power Transmission Company, Guangzhou 510663, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Aug 27;24(17):5532. doi: 10.3390/s24175532.
The detection of electric fields in the environment has great importance for understanding various natural phenomena, environmental monitoring, and ensuring human safety. This review paper provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art technologies utilized for sensing electric fields in the environment, the challenges encountered, and the diverse applications of this sensing technology. The technology is divided into three categories according to the differences in the physical mechanism: the electro-optic effect-based measurement system, the MEMS-based sensor, and the newly reported quantum effect-based sensors. The principles of the underlying methods are comprehensively introduced, and the tentative applications for each type are discussed. Detailed comparisons of the three different techniques are identified and discussed with regard to the instrument, its sensitivity, and bandwidth. Additionally, the challenges faced in environmental electric field sensing, the potential solutions, and future development directions are addressed.
环境中电场的检测对于理解各种自然现象、环境监测以及确保人类安全具有重要意义。本文综述提供了用于环境电场传感的当前先进技术的概述、所遇到的挑战以及这种传感技术的各种应用。根据物理机制的差异，该技术分为三类：基于电光效应的测量系统、基于微机电系统（MEMS）的传感器以及新报道的基于量子效应的传感器。全面介绍了这些基础方法的原理，并讨论了每种类型的初步应用。针对仪器、灵敏度和带宽对这三种不同技术进行了详细比较并加以讨论。此外，还探讨了环境电场传感面临的挑战、潜在解决方案以及未来的发展方向。
