Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; PA-HELP ``Physical Activity for HEaLth Promotion'' Research Group, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
J Nutr Biochem. 2024 Dec;134:109759. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109759. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) face increased cardiovascular risk not fully explained by traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Arterial stiffness, inflammation and disease-related therapies may be contributors to augmented cardiovascular risk, whereas healthy dietary habits could help in their management. The aim of the present study was to analyze the association of the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with arterial stiffness, inflammation, and disease-related medication in women with SLE. A total of 76 women with SLE were included in this cross-sectional exploratory study. The adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Score. Arterial stiffness was measured through pulse wave velocity (PWV). Inflammatory profile was evaluated through high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). The use (yes / no) and doses (mg /day and cumulative dose over the last 3 years) of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants were also registered. No association of the overall adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with PWV, hsCRP or medication use was found (all P>.05). Lower intake of full dairy products was related to greater odds of corticosteroids use (odds=1.72; P=.004), and both higher current (β=0.29; P=.024) and cumulative (β=0.21; P=.040) doses. Lower intake of red wine was associated with lower odds of immunosuppressants use (odds=0.63; P=.008). No association of the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet with arterial stiffness, inflammation or disease-related medication was observed in women with SLE with mild disease activity. However, higher dairy products and lower red wine consumption were related to lower use of disease-related medication. Future intervention studies are needed to better understand how nutritional education promoting Mediterranean Diet food groups can complement conventional SLE treatments.
系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者面临心血管风险增加，这不能完全用传统心血管危险因素来解释。动脉僵硬、炎症和与疾病相关的治疗可能是增加心血管风险的因素，而健康的饮食习惯可能有助于其管理。本研究旨在分析 SIE 患者遵行地中海饮食与动脉僵硬、炎症和与疾病相关的药物之间的关系。这项横断面探索性研究共纳入 76 名 SIE 女性患者。采用地中海饮食评分评估地中海饮食的依从性。通过脉搏波速度（PWV）测量动脉僵硬。通过高敏 C 反应蛋白（hsCRP）评估炎症谱。还记录了皮质类固醇和免疫抑制剂的使用（是/否）和剂量（mg/天和过去 3 年的累积剂量）。整体遵行地中海饮食与 PWV、hsCRP 或药物使用均无相关性（均 P＞0.05）。全脂乳制品摄入量较低与皮质类固醇使用的几率较高相关（比值比=1.72；P=0.004），当前（β=0.29；P=0.024）和累积（β=0.21；P=0.040）剂量均较高。红葡萄酒摄入量较低与免疫抑制剂使用几率较低相关（比值比=0.63；P=0.008）。在疾病活动度较轻的 SIE 女性中，地中海饮食的遵行与动脉僵硬、炎症或与疾病相关的药物无相关性。然而，较高的乳制品和较低的红葡萄酒摄入与较低的疾病相关药物使用有关。需要开展进一步的干预研究，以更好地了解促进地中海饮食食物组的营养教育如何补充传统的 SLE 治疗。
