Panahi Parsa, Kabir Ali, Falavarjani Khalil Ghasemi
Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Curr Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 10;35(4):305-312. doi: 10.4103/joco.joco_40_23. eCollection 2023 Oct-Dec.
To estimate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and determine its risk factors in Iran.
A comprehensive electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, with no restrictions on time or language of publication. Eleven studies meeting the eligibility criteria were included. Six studies with a total sample size of 9930 were included in the meta-analysis to calculate the overall prevalence of AMD in Iran. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata/MP version 15.0. Risk of bias assessment was carried out based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
All participants in the studies were over 40 years old. The pooled prevalence of AMD was estimated to be 9.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.3%-13.5%). After accounting for publication bias, this estimated decreased to 6.4% (95% CI: 4%-10.2%). Smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 1.781; 95% CI: 1.152-2.756), hypertension (HTN) (OR: 1.512; 95% CI: 1.119-2.044), diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR: 1.545; 95% CI: 1.088-2.194), and hyperlipidemia (OR: 1.512; 95% CI: 1.055-2.165) were identified as AMD risk factors.
Based on the results of the present review, the prevalence of AMD in the Iranian population over 40 years of age is estimated to be 6.4%, and having a history of smoking, HTN, DM, and hyperlipidemia are identified as risk factors of AMD in Iran. Further original studies are needed to draw more accurate conclusions.
评估伊朗年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的患病率并确定其危险因素。
在PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和谷歌学术中进行全面的电子检索，对发表时间和语言均无限制。纳入了11项符合纳入标准的研究。六项总样本量为9930的研究被纳入荟萃分析，以计算伊朗AMD的总体患病率。使用Stata/MP 15.0版本进行荟萃分析。基于纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行偏倚风险评估。
研究中的所有参与者均年龄超过40岁。AMD的合并患病率估计为9.9%（95%置信区间[CI]：6.3%-13.5%）。在考虑发表偏倚后，该估计值降至6.4%（95%CI：4%-10.2%）。吸烟（比值比[OR]：1.781；95%CI：1.152-2.756）、高血压（HTN）（OR：1.512；95%CI：1.119-2.044）、糖尿病（DM）（OR：1.545；95%CI：1.088-2.194）和高脂血症（OR：1.512；95%CI：1.055-2.165）被确定为AMD的危险因素。
基于本综述的结果，估计伊朗40岁以上人群中AMD的患病率为6.4%，并且吸烟史、HTN、DM和高脂血症被确定为伊朗AMD的危险因素。需要进一步的原始研究以得出更准确的结论。
