Light Samuel H, Nagler Cathryn R
Biological Sciences Division, Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Biological Sciences Division, Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2024 Sep;326(1):203-218. doi: 10.1111/imr.13396. Epub 2024 Sep 16.
The increasing prevalence of immune-mediated non-communicable chronic diseases, such as food allergies, has prompted a deeper investigation into the role of the gut microbiome in modulating immune responses. Here, we explore the complex interactions between commensal microbes and the host immune system, highlighting the critical role of gut bacteria in maintaining immune homeostasis. We examine how modern lifestyle practices and environmental factors have disrupted co-evolved host-microbe interactions and discuss how changes in microbiome composition impact epithelial barrier function, responses to food allergens, and susceptibility to allergic diseases. Finally, we examine the potential of bioengineered microbiome-based therapies, and live biotherapeutic products, for reestablishing immune homeostasis to prevent or treat food allergies.
免疫介导的非传染性慢性病（如食物过敏）的患病率不断上升，促使人们更深入地研究肠道微生物群在调节免疫反应中的作用。在此，我们探讨共生微生物与宿主免疫系统之间的复杂相互作用，强调肠道细菌在维持免疫稳态中的关键作用。我们研究现代生活方式和环境因素如何破坏了共同进化的宿主-微生物相互作用，并讨论微生物群组成的变化如何影响上皮屏障功能、对食物过敏原的反应以及对过敏性疾病的易感性。最后，我们研究基于生物工程微生物群的疗法和活生物治疗产品在重建免疫稳态以预防或治疗食物过敏方面的潜力。
