Saleem Muhammad Zafar, Jahangir Ghulam Zahra, Saleem Ammara, Zulfiqar Asma, Khan Khalid Ali, Ercisli Sezai, Ali Baber, Saleem Muhammad Hamzah, Saleem Aroona
Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Biochem Genet. 2024 Sep 17. doi: 10.1007/s10528-024-10911-5.
Recombinant antibodies, a prominent class of recombinant proteins, are witnessing substantial growth in research and diagnostics. Recombinant antibodies are being produced employing diverse hosts ranging from highly complex eukaryotes, for instance, mammalian cell lines (and insects, fungi, yeast, etc.) to unicellular prokaryotic models like gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. This review delves into these production methods, highlighting approaches like antibody phage display that employs bacteriophages for gene library creation. Recent studies emphasize monoclonal antibody generation through hybridoma technology, utilizing hybridoma cells from myeloma and B-lymphocytes. Transgenic plants and animals have emerged as sources for polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, with transgenic animals preferred due to their human-like post-translational modifications and reduced immunogenicity risk. Chloroplast expression offers environmental safety by preventing transgene contamination in pollen. Diverse production technologies, such as stable cell pools and clonal cell lines, are available, followed by purification via techniques like affinity chromatography. The burgeoning applications of recombinant antibodies in medicine have led to their large-scale industrial production.
重组抗体作为一类重要的重组蛋白，在研究和诊断领域正经历显著增长。重组抗体的生产采用了多种宿主，从高度复杂的真核生物，如哺乳动物细胞系（以及昆虫、真菌、酵母等）到单细胞原核生物模型，如革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌。本综述深入探讨了这些生产方法，重点介绍了抗体噬菌体展示等方法，该方法利用噬菌体创建基因文库。最近的研究强调通过杂交瘤技术产生单克隆抗体，利用骨髓瘤细胞和B淋巴细胞的杂交瘤细胞。转基因植物和动物已成为多克隆和单克隆抗体的来源，由于转基因动物具有类似人类的翻译后修饰且免疫原性风险较低，因此更受青睐。叶绿体表达通过防止花粉中的转基因污染提供了环境安全性。有多种生产技术可供选择，如稳定细胞池和克隆细胞系，随后通过亲和色谱等技术进行纯化。重组抗体在医学领域的新兴应用已导致其大规模工业化生产。
